Biocarbon, biomethane and biofertilizer from corn residue: A hybrid thermo-chemical and biochemical approach

Paul, Subhash; Dutta, Animesh; Defersha, Fantahun M.

doi:10.1016/j.energy.2018.09.182

Cited by 19 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Table 1 represents the properties of different biochar. The slow pyrolysis process produces the highest biochar yield, followed by hydrothermal carbonization and lastly co-pyrolysis producing the lowest biochar yields [ 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 ]. There seems to be no other discernable trends in N, O, H, S, P, K or pH.…”

Section: Biochar Production Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Current Status of Biochar Uses in Agriculture

et al. 2021

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In a time when climate change increases desertification and drought globally, novel and effective solutions are required in order to continue food production for the world’s increasing population. Synthetic fertilizers have been long used to improve the productivity of agricultural soils, part of which leaches into the environment and emits greenhouse gasses (GHG). Some fundamental challenges within agricultural practices include the improvement of water retention and microbiota in soils, as well as boosting the efficiency of fertilizers. Biochar is a nutrient rich material produced from biomass, gaining attention for soil amendment purposes, improving crop yields as well as for carbon sequestration. This study summarizes the potential benefits of biochar applications, placing emphasis on its application in the agricultural sector. It seems biochar used for soil amendment improves nutrient density of soils, water holding capacity, reduces fertilizer requirements, enhances soil microbiota, and increases crop yields. Additionally, biochar usage has many environmental benefits, economic benefits, and a potential role to play in carbon credit systems. Biochar (also known as biocarbon) may hold the answer to these fundamental requirements.

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Section: Biochar Production Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Current Status of Biochar Uses in Agriculture

et al. 2021

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“…The model for HHV detailed in Equation (7) was developed using RSM. The experimental data (Table 5) was used to fit the quadratic regression model of Equation ( 4), which describes the response The effects of interactions between the processing temperature and biomass/water ratio (at a constant residence time of 45 min) on the energy yield of the hydrochar are illustrated in Figure 7c,d.…”

Section: Hydrothermal Process Modelling and Optimization Of Corn Stov...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Numerous literatures have made conclusions regarding the upgrade of biomass combustion properties such as their hydrophobic nature, combustion efficiencies, heating values, moisture content and energy density. Torrefaction significantly improves the combustion properties of lignocellulose biomass with respect to the aforementioned properties, but a degree of uncertainty exists in torrefaction, particularly involving a decrease in alkali contents from agricultural residuals [7] and a gradual breakdown of mill performances in the grinding of torrefied biomass. These challenges result in corrosion, agglomerations and a reduction in combustion efficiencies due to high percentages of unburned carbon in fly ash.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the Effect of Processing Parameters on the Products of Hydrothermal Carbonization of Corn Stover

Mohammed

Kushima

et al. 2020

Sustainability

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Corn stover is an abundant and underused source of lignocellulose waste biomass that can be transformed into a high-quality energy resource using hydrothermal carbonization (HTC). This investigation has focused on the effect of processing parameters on the products of HTC—namely solid fuel or hydrochar and liquid and gas fractions. HTC was conducted in a temperature-controlled small batch reactor with corn stover and deionized water under oxygen-free conditions obtained by pressurizing the reactor headspace with nitrogen gas. The properties of the hydrochar and liquid and gas fractions were evaluated as a function of the process temperature (250–350 °C), residence time (30–60 min) and biomass/water ratio (0.09–0.14). Central composite design modules in a response surface methodology were used to optimize processing parameters. The maximum mass yield, energy yield and high heating value (HHV) of the hydrochar produced were 29.91% dry weight (dw), 42.38% dw and 26.03 MJ/kg, respectively. Concentrations of acetic acid and hydrogen gas were 6.93 g/L and 0.25 v/v%, respectively. Experimental results after process optimization were in satisfactory agreement with the predicted HHV. The optimal HTC process parameters were determined to be 305 °C with a 60 min residence time and a biomass/water ratio of 0.114, yielding hydrochar with a HHV of 25.42 MJ/kg. The results confirm the feasibility of an alternative corn stover management system.

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“…During the operation, the process water resulting from HTC feeds an AD plant to generate biogas through a series of bacterial and metabolic pathways [10,13]. Then, the biogas can be directly used for the production of electricity and heat through combustion in internal combustion engines or turbines or, alternatively, it can be injected in the natural gas grid after a purification stage to remove CO 2 and other minor constituents such as H 2 S. Several feedstock have been investigated, like digestate [21,117], sewage sludge [20,118], microalgae [12,13], orange pomace [22], spent coffee grounds [119], biowaste [120], and the organic fraction of municipal solid waste [24].…”

Section: New Horizons: Integrated Plants and Continuous Reactorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, the process water from sewage sludge HTC seems particularly suitable for AD if HTC temperatures and residence times are kept lower than 180-200 °C and 15-30 min, respectively, leading to methane yields between 0.022 and 0.277 L CH4 gCOD −1 [10]. Besides, Paul et al [120], dealing with the HTC process water from biowaste, found that residence times longer than 30 min (at 240 °C) cause the formation of inhibitory chemicals for AD. Recently, Lucian et al [24] tested the biomethane potential from the coupling of AD with HTC of organic wastes in two different scenarios: AD of the HTC liquor and AD of the HTC slurry (containing both the hydrochar and the liquor).…”

Section: New Horizons: Integrated Plants and Continuous Reactorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrothermal Carbonization of Organic Waste and Biomass: A Review on Process, Reactor, and Plant Modeling

Ischia

Fiori

2020

Waste Biomass Valor

141

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Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) is an emerging path to give a new life to organic waste and residual biomass. Fulfilling the principles of the circular economy, through HTC “unpleasant” organics can be transformed into useful materials and possibly energy carriers. The potential applications of HTC are tremendous and the recent literature is full of investigations. In this context, models capable to predict, simulate and optimize the HTC process, reactors, and plants are engineering tools that can significantly shift HTC research towards innovation by boosting the development of novel enterprises based on HTC technology. This review paper addresses such key-issue: where do we stand regarding the development of these tools? The literature presents many and simplified models to describe the reaction kinetics, some dealing with the process simulation, while few focused on the heart of an HTC system, the reactor. Statistical investigations and some life cycle assessment analyses also appear in the current state of the art. This work examines and analyzes these predicting tools, highlighting their potentialities and limits. Overall, the current models suffer from many aspects, from the lack of data to the intrinsic complexity of HTC reactions and HTC systems. Therefore, the emphasis is given to what is still necessary to make the HTC process duly simulated and therefore implementable on an industrial scale with sufficient predictive margins. Graphic Abstract

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Biocarbon, biomethane and biofertilizer from corn residue: A hybrid thermo-chemical and biochemical approach

Cited by 19 publications

References 39 publications

A Review on Current Status of Biochar Uses in Agriculture

A Review on Current Status of Biochar Uses in Agriculture

Investigating the Effect of Processing Parameters on the Products of Hydrothermal Carbonization of Corn Stover

Hydrothermal Carbonization of Organic Waste and Biomass: A Review on Process, Reactor, and Plant Modeling

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