Biocatalytic Hydrolysis of Nitriles

Brady, Dean

doi:10.1002/9783527628698.hgc026

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…On the same year, Hook and Robinson demonstrated that a similar mechanism was also responsible for the ricinine hydrolysis through the ricinine nitrilase [28]. The proposed mechanism has been widely accepted by researchers to date (Figure 3) [13,98,99]. However, recent studies demonstrated that amide compounds might also be formed in the course of nitrile hydrolysis by nitrilase.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrilases in nitrile biocatalysis: recent progress and forthcoming research

et al. 2012

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Over the past decades, nitrilases have drawn considerable attention because of their application in nitrile degradation as prominent biocatalysts. Nitrilases are derived from bacteria, filamentous fungi, yeasts, and plants. In-depth investigations on their natural sources function mechanisms, enzyme structure, screening pathways, and biocatalytic properties have been conducted. Moreover, the immobilization, purification, gene cloning and modifications of nitrilase have been dwelt upon. Some nitrilases are used commercially as biofactories for carboxylic acids production, waste treatment, and surface modification. This critical review summarizes the current status of nitrilase research, and discusses a number of challenges and significant attempts in its further development. Nitrilase is a significant and promising biocatalyst for catalytic applications.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrilases in nitrile biocatalysis: recent progress and forthcoming research

et al. 2012

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“…Rhodococci have been shown to have a variety of important enzyme activities in the field of biodegradation (for reviews see [6] and [7]). These activities could also be harnessed for synthesis of various industrially relevant compounds [8]. One of the most interesting qualities of rhodococci that make them suitable for use in industrial biotechnology is their outer cell wall [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The biotechnological relevance of Rhodococcus rhodochrous. The complete genomic sequence of nitrile biocatalyst strain ATCC BAA-870.

Frederick

Hennessy

Horn

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Background Rhodococci are industrially important soil-dwelling Gram-positive bacteria that are well known for both nitrile hydrolysis and oxidative metabolism of aromatics. Rhodococcus rhodochrous ATCC BAA-870 is capable of metabolising a wide range of aliphatic and aromatic nitriles and amides. The expressed nitrilase, nitrile hydratase and amidase activities have shown stereoselective preferences for beta-substituted nitrile compounds. The genome of the organism was sequenced and analysed in order to better understand this whole cell biocatalyst. Results The genome of R. rhodochrous ATCC BAA-870 is the first Rhodococcus genome fully sequenced using Nanopore sequencing. The circular genome contains 5.9 megabase pairs (Mbp) and includes a 0.53 Mbp linear plasmid, that together encode 7548 predicted protein sequences according to BASys annotation, and 5535 predicted protein sequences according to RAST annotation. The genome contains numerous oxidoreductases, 15 identified antibiotic and secondary metabolite gene clusters, and several terpene and nonribosomal peptide synthetase clusters, as well as 6 putative clusters of unknown type. The 0.53 Mbp plasmid encodes 677 predicted genes and contains the nitrile converting gene cluster. Based on COG functional categories of proteins using RAST annotation, the main distributions of predicted annotated genes belong to known subsystems encoding amino acids and derivatives (19.7%), carbohydrates (13.4%), fatty acids, lipids and isoprenoids (12.2%), and cofactors, vitamins, prosthetic groups and pigments (9.4%). However, 74% of RAST annotated genes are not assigned clear functional roles within known metabolic pathways, and 38% of genes are annotated as hypothetical. BASys annotation predicts that 55% of annotated genes have an unknown function. The R. rhodochrous ATCC BAA-870 genome contains one possible CRISPR, identified by CRISPRCasFinder. Conclusions The sequence and comprehensive description of the R. rhodochrous ATCC BAA-870 genome will facilitate the additional exploitation of rhodococci for biotechnological applications, as well as enable further characterisation of this model organism. The genome encodes a wide range of enzymes, many with unknown substrate specificities supporting potential applications in biotechnology, including monooxygenases, cytochrome P450s, reductases, proteases, lipases, and transaminases. The capacity of this strain to hydrolyse nitriles resides upon a plasmid, containing a nitrilase, a low molecular weight nitrile hydratase, and an enantioselective amidase.

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Nitrile‐converting enzymes: An eco‐friendly tool for industrial biocatalysis

Ramteke

Maurice

Joseph

et al. 2013

Biotech and App Biochem

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Nitriles are organic compounds bearing a − C ≡ N group; they are frequently known to occur naturally in both fauna and flora and are also synthesized chemically. They have wide applicability in the fields of medicine, industry, and environmental monitoring. However, the majority of nitrile compounds are considered to be lethal, mutagenic, and carcinogenic in nature and are known to cause potential health problems such as nausea, bronchial irritation, respiratory distress, convulsions, coma, and skeletal deformities in humans. Nitrile-converting enzymes, which are extracted from microorganisms, are commonly termed nitrilases and have drawn the attention of researchers all over the world to combat the toxicity of nitrile compounds. The present review focuses on the utility of nitrile-converting enzymes, sources, classification, structure, properties, and applications, as well as the future perspective on nitrilases.

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Biocatalytic Hydrolysis of Nitriles

Cited by 6 publications

References 97 publications

Nitrilases in nitrile biocatalysis: recent progress and forthcoming research

Nitrilases in nitrile biocatalysis: recent progress and forthcoming research

The biotechnological relevance of Rhodococcus rhodochrous. The complete genomic sequence of nitrile biocatalyst strain ATCC BAA-870.

Nitrile‐converting enzymes: An eco‐friendly tool for industrial biocatalysis

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