Biochar as an Effective Filler of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Bio-Epoxy Composites

Matykiewicz, Danuta

doi:10.3390/pr8060724

Cited by 55 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…It can be seen that that with the increasing of the heating rate, the peak mass loss rate ( T max ) of the belts shifts to a higher temperature, e.g., from 448.4 to 464.5 °C for the XH belt, which shortens the time needed for the sample to reach the same temperature, and the material cannot decompose completely, leading the peak T max rate shift to a high value [ 19 ]. A similar effect was observed by Matykiewicz for the carbon-reinforced epoxy composites with the highest biochar content [ 75 ].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 83%

The Toxicological Testing and Thermal Decomposition of Drive and Transport Belts Made of Thermoplastic Multilayer Polymer Materials

et al. 2020

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The article presents the potential impact of flat drive and transport belts on people’s safety during a fire. The analysis distinguished belts made of classically used fabric–rubber composite materials reinforced with cord and currently used multilayer polymer composites. Moreover, the products’ multilayers during the thermal decomposition and combustion can be a source of emissions for unpredictable and toxic substances with different concentrations and compositions. In the evaluation of the compared belts, a testing methodology was used to determine the toxicometric indicators (WLC50SM) on the basis of which it was possible to determine the toxicity of thermal decomposition and combustion products in agreement with the standards in force in several countries of the EU and Russia. The analysis was carried out on the basis of the registration of emissions of chemical compounds during the thermal decomposition and combustion of polymer materials at three different temperatures. Moreover, the degradation kinetics of the polymeric belts by using the thermogravimetric (TGA) technique was evaluated. Test results have shown that products of thermal decomposition resulting from the neoprene (NE22), leder leder (LL2), thermoplastic connection (TC), and extra high top cower (XH) belts can be characterized as moderately toxic or toxic. Their toxicity significantly increases with the increasing temperature of thermal decomposition or combustion, especially above 450 °C. The results showed that the belts made of several layers of polyamide can be considered the least toxic in fire conditions. The TGA results showed that NBR/PA/PA/NBR belt made with two layers of polyamide and the acrylonitrile–butadiene rubber has the highest thermal stability in comparison to other belts.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 83%

The Toxicological Testing and Thermal Decomposition of Drive and Transport Belts Made of Thermoplastic Multilayer Polymer Materials

et al. 2020

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“…While soil amendment biochar has far to go in order to contribute to the mitigation of the humankind environmental impact [ 34 ], as high valued filler in material science [ 35 , 36 , 37 ] biochar could play a major role in the green economy transition [ 38 , 39 ]. Additionally, Matykiewicz [ 40 ] showed the beneficial effect of biochar as toughening agent in carbon fibers based epoxy composites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Concept in Bioderived Composites: Biochar as Toughening Agent for Improving Performances and Durability of Agave-Based Epoxy Biocomposites

et al. 2021

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Biocomposites are increasingly used in the industry for the replacement of synthetic materials, thanks to their good mechanical properties, being lightweight, and having low cost. Unfortunately, in several potential fields of structural application their static strength and fatigue life are not high enough. For this reason, several chemical treatments on the fibers have been proposed in literature, although still without fully satisfactory results. To overcome this drawback, in this study we present a procedure based on the addition of a carbonaceous filler to a green epoxy matrix reinforced by Agave sisalana fibers. Among all carbon-based materials, biochar was selected for its environmental friendliness, along with its ability to improve the mechanical properties of polymers. Different percentages of biochar, 1, 2, and 4 wt %, were finely dispersed into the resin using a mixer and a sonicator, then a compression molding process coupled with an optimized thermomechanical cure process was used to produce a short fiber biocomposite with Vf = 35%. Systematic experimental tests have shown that the presence of biochar, in the amount 2 wt %, has significant effects on the matrix and fiber interphase, and leads to an increase of up to three orders of magnitude in the fatigue life, together with an appreciable improvement in static tensile strength.

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“…The research of Abdelwahab et al is an example of the use of BC and a nanoclay system [23], where the use of a hybrid system resulted in an improvement of the mechanical properties and dimensional stability. Another example is the research on the use of a biocarbon/carbon fiber system by Matykiewicz [24], where BC was used as a low-cost filler for epoxy-based laminates. Other studies are more focused on comparing BC-filled systems with different types of reinforcement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of the Hybridization Process on the Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Polyoxymethylene (POM) Composites with the Use of a Novel Sustainable Reinforcing System Based on Biocarbon and Basalt Fiber (BC/BF)

et al. 2020

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The presented work focuses on the assessment of the material performance of polyoxymethylene (POM)-based composites reinforced with the use of a biocarbon/basalt fiber system (BC/BF). The use of BC particles was aimed at eliminating mineral fillers (chalk, talc) by using fully biobased material, while basalt fibers can be considered an alternative to glass fibers (GF). All materials were prepared with the same 20% filler content, the differences concerned the (BC/BF) % ratio. Hybrid samples with (25/75), (50/50), and (75/25) ratios were prepared. Additionally, reference samples were also prepared (POM BC20% and POM BF20%.). Samples prepared by the injection molding technique were subjected to a detailed analysis of mechanical properties (static tensile and Charpy impact tests), thermomechanical characteristics (dynamic mechanical thermal analysis—DMTA, heat deflection temperature - HDT), and thermal and rheological properties (DSC, rotational rheometer tests). In order to assess fiber distribution within the material structure, the samples were scanned by a microtomography method (μCT). The addition of even a significant amount of BC particles did not cause excessive material brittleness, while the elongation and impact strength of all hybrid samples were very similar to the reference POM BF20% sample. The tensile modulus and strength values appear to be strictly dependent on the increasing BF fiber content. Thermomechanical analysis (DMTA, HDT) showed very similar heat resistance for all hybrid samples; the results did not differ from the values for the POM BF20 sample.

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Biochar as an Effective Filler of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Bio-Epoxy Composites

Cited by 55 publications

References 47 publications

The Toxicological Testing and Thermal Decomposition of Drive and Transport Belts Made of Thermoplastic Multilayer Polymer Materials

The Toxicological Testing and Thermal Decomposition of Drive and Transport Belts Made of Thermoplastic Multilayer Polymer Materials

New Concept in Bioderived Composites: Biochar as Toughening Agent for Improving Performances and Durability of Agave-Based Epoxy Biocomposites

The Influence of the Hybridization Process on the Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Polyoxymethylene (POM) Composites with the Use of a Novel Sustainable Reinforcing System Based on Biocarbon and Basalt Fiber (BC/BF)

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