Biochar pricing hampers biochar farming

Vochоzka, Marek; Maroušková, Anna; Váchal, Jan; Straková, Jarmila

doi:10.1007/s10098-016-1113-3

Cited by 79 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Biochar is yielded from the pyrolysis of biomass such as wood and grass, with the limited supply of nitrogen (N) or oxygen under intense heat conditions (Rutigliano et al 2014). In recent years, a number of academic papers has been published, based on the exploitation of biological carbon assessments, we may get the impression that, in environmental management, as well as in agriculture, a new era has begun (Vochozka et al 2016a). Various raw materials for biochar production may be subjected to the pyrolysis process, and as per findings from the literature, the physicochemical properties of the biochar vary from one raw material to another.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochar applications and modern techniques for characterization

Amin

Huang

et al. 2016

Clean Techn Environ Policy

156

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Biochar simply is the material produced when biomass undergoes any chemical processes under the conditions of pyrolysis. The variety of biomasses, including wood waste, agricultural crop leftover, organic waste, animal manure, and forestry residues, have been considered as raw material to produce biochar. Biochar is widely used for generation of heat and power and an addition to soils, in which it serves as a fertilizer and carbon sequestration agent. Also in the form of being activated, it finds significant role for various adsorption applications. The most beneficial use of a given char depends on its physical and chemical characteristics, even though the relationship of char properties to these applications is not well defined. Various widely used modern analytical techniques, which are applicable and crucial for biochar characterization, have been reviewed in the present work, such as solid state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-rays photoelectron spectroscopy, X-rays diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, near edge X-rays absorption fine structure spectroscopy, and gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy. Utilization of these modern techniques provides the quantitative as well as qualitative information, i.e., determining the sizes, shapes, and physicochemical characteristics of biochar, which is reliable to track changes in the carbon arrangement over reaction time and temperature, and will be useful for efficient production of biochar and application. It provides the useful information for the researchers in this area and is beneficial not only for the effective biochar production, but also for potential utilization/application, and not only for environment but also for agriculture.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochar applications and modern techniques for characterization

Amin

Huang

et al. 2016

Clean Techn Environ Policy

156

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“…Further, the comparatively lower TBA and biochar-based N application rates versus the recommended standard of 134 kg N/ha for inorganic fertilizers helped to minimize cost associated with high biochar inputs. Current prices for biochar remain approximately $325 -500 per ton [67], and applications at even the modest rates in this study would range from $800 -1600 per ha. Compared to current urea prices of $434 per ton [33], its standard fertilization rate would cost only $60 per ha.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Characterization of Novel Torrefied Biomass and Biochar Amendments

Baldi¹,

Foster²,

Shen³

et al. 2020

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Nutrient management is vital for food, feed, fiber, and fuel production. However, excessive application and loss (volatilization, leaching, runoff , etc.) of inorganic and organic sources of nutrients have detrimental environmental impacts, while increasing prices for petroleum-based and mined fertilizers further limit opportunities for their utilization in developing nations. This study evaluated a novel, alternative type of nutrient source through pretreatment processes of torrefaction and pyrolysis by converting high-biomass feedstocks into renewable soil amendments. Napiergrass (Pennisetum purpureum Schumach., [cv. Merkeron]) and pearl millet-napiergrass (Pennisetum glaucum [L.] R. Br. × P. purpureum Schumach.) (PMN) were converted under atmospheric pressure with minimal oxygen at 250˚C and 400˚C, ground to 1 millimeter (mm) and 2 mm particle sizes, and compared to urea in a full-season field trial and short-season nursery trial growing maize (Zea mays L.) and PMN for fertility response. When compared to urea in the field trial, the torrefied biomass amendment (TBA) and biochar had similar responses despite lower nitrogen (N) application rates. The nursery trial also produced equivalent responses from urea and TBA regardless of lower N application with the exception being phosphorus (P). Finally, maize and PMN had higher P uptake with the TBA in both trials.

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“…Nonetheless, the production of carbonaceous material from the thermochemical conversion of both lignocellulosic and non-lignocellulosic biomasses is very promising for several reasons. This bioderived carbon is generally known as biochar and could be used for many applications [16], mainly due to its properties and well-balanced cost of around 0.8-2.4 €/kg [17][18][19]. Currently, the most common biochar application is as for soil health improvement [20][21][22] and for use as solid fuels with a heating content of around 40 kJ/mol [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Non-Soil Biochar Applications

et al. 2020

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Biochar is the solid residue that is recovered after the thermal cracking of biomasses in an oxygen-free atmosphere. Biochar has been used for many years as a soil amendment and in general soil applications. Nonetheless, biochar is far more than a mere soil amendment. In this review, we report all the non-soil applications of biochar including environmental remediation, energy storage, composites, and catalyst production. We provide a general overview of the recent uses of biochar in material science, thus presenting this cheap and waste-derived material as a high value-added and carbonaceous source.

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Biochar pricing hampers biochar farming

Cited by 79 publications

References 32 publications

Biochar applications and modern techniques for characterization

Biochar applications and modern techniques for characterization

Characterization of Novel Torrefied Biomass and Biochar Amendments

A Review of Non-Soil Biochar Applications

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