Biochars in Soils: Towards the Required Level of Scientific Understanding

Tammeorg, Priit; Bastos, Ana Catarina; Jeffery, Simon; Rees, Frédéric; Kern, Jürgen; Graber, Ellen R.; Ventura, Maurizio; Kibblewhite, Mark; Amaro, A.; Budai, Alice; Cordovil, C.; Domene, Xavier; Gardi, Ciro; Gascó, Gabriel; Hořák, Jan; Kammann, Claudia; Kondrlová, Elena; Laird, David A.; Loureiro, Susana; Martins, Martinho A. S.; Panzacchi, Pietro; Prasad, M.; Prodana, Marija; Puga, Aline Peregrina; Ruysschaert, Greet; Sas-Paszt, Lidia; Silva, Flávio C.; Teixeira, W. G.; Tonon, Giustino; Vedove, Gemini Delle; Zavalloni, C.; Glaser, Bruno; Verheijen, Frank

doi:10.3846/16486897.2016.1239582

Cited by 57 publications

(24 citation statements)

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“…It can improve the soil chemical, physical, and biological properties contain functional groups and amorphous as well as resistant in soil (Sohi et al, 2010;Tammeorg et al, 2016). Biochar generally has high pH, Corganic and CEC (Lehmann, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of ameliorants on improvement of soil fertility in post gold mining land at West Kalimantan

Mastur

Suswati

Hatta

2017

J.Degrade.Min.Land Manage.

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The application of ameliorant has been suggested to improve soil fertility and crop growth in post illegal gold mining (PIGM) lands. This study evaluated the effect of ameliorant types and semipermeable layer on properties of soil in PIGM lands and growth of sorghum. A field experiment employed two treatments, i.e. type of ameliorant and semi-permeable layer. There were four ameliorant types applied i.e., without ameliorant (M0); coastal sediment at a dose of 40 t/ha (M1); biochar at a dose of 4 t/ha (M2), and coastal sediment at a dose of 30 t/ha + 4 t biochar/ha (M3). The second treatment consisted of two levels, namely: without a semi-permeable layer (S0) and the semi-permeable layer of 20 cm depth from the soil surface (S1). The results showed that types of ameliorant gave different effect to soil properties. Application of coastal sediment at a dose of 40 t/ha significantly increased the contents of Ca and Mg, whereas application of biochar at a doses of 4 t/ha increased soil CEC. The semi-permeable layer did not significantly affect plant height and stem diameter of sorghum. The highest of sorghum growth was reached by application of coastal sediment at a dose of 30 t/h + biochar at a dose of 4 t/ha. The combination of coastal sediment and biochar from banana peels could complement each other to improve soil fertility in PIGM land.To cite this article: Sulakhudin, Suswati, D. and Hatta, M. 2017. The effect of ameliorants on improvement of soil fertility in post gold mining land at West Kalimantan.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of ameliorants on improvement of soil fertility in post gold mining land at West Kalimantan

Mastur

Suswati

Hatta

2017

J.Degrade.Min.Land Manage.

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“…The most critical topics for future research, regarding biochar soil application, as proposed recently by Tammeorg et al (2017), should be the functional redundancy within soil microbial communities, bioavailability of biochar's contaminants to soil biota, soil organic matter stability, GHG emissions, soil formation, soil hydrology, nutrient cycling due to microbial priming, as well as altered rhizosphere ecology, and soil pH buffering capacity. While increasing scientific attention has resulted in a growing body of biochar research, gaps remain in relation to how biochar affects most soil properties and processes, especially on the long term.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During the last years several studies pointed out the need to consider ecotoxicological criteria in characterising the complex effects of biochar on soil (Domene et al, 2015;Molnár et al, 2016;Tammeorg et al, 2017) and the necessity to investigate the ecological effects of biochars in different soils on a "char by char" basis (Jeffrey et al, 2015;Molnár et al, 2016), prior to large scale application. It has been outlined, that often the impacts of biochar as a soil amendment over a short period, based on laboratory and greenhouse studies, are inconclusive and contradictory (Mukherjee and Lal, 2014;Jeffrey et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been outlined, that often the impacts of biochar as a soil amendment over a short period, based on laboratory and greenhouse studies, are inconclusive and contradictory (Mukherjee and Lal, 2014;Jeffrey et al, 2015). Tammeorg et al (2017) in a recent review on the required level of scientific understanding of biochars in soils recommended performance of upscale experiments to move from short-term, laboratory-controlled conditions to long-term, field experiments. Sakrabani et al's, (2017) representativeness study on the European biochar research at pot and laboratory level showed, that in terms of soil pH, mostly alkaline and neutral soils were represented, while acidic soils accounted for 15% of studies, sandy soil texture class was represented by only 6.7% of the total studies and most of the experiments (53%) lasted one month or less, while 20% lasted more than three months.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microcosm incubation study for monitoring the mid-term effects of different biochars on acidic sandy soil applying a multiparameter approach

Farkas

Feigl

Gruiz

et al. 2018

Process Safety and Environmental Protection

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Biochar is produced from organic materials by pyrolysis specifically for soil improvement. Interactions with beneficial outcomes between biochar and soil can arise within a short time but it is uncertain whether the effects are similar in all soil types and at different time-scale. The objective of this study was to evaluate the short-term and mid-term effects of biochars from different feedstocks (grain husks and paper fibre sludge, post-treated grain husks and paper fibre sludge, woodscreenings) on the soil physico-chemical, biological and ecotoxicological properties. As part of a complete scale-up technology, aiming improvement of an acidic sandy soil, a 12-month microcosm experiment was conducted with combined application of biochars, compost and fertilizer. The applied multiparameter approach made possible the selection of the most optimal treatment. All the three biochars had favourable influence on the soil, but the effects were different in terms of extent and time. Although the biochar from woodscreenings had not the most promising short-term effects, but combined with fertilizer at 0.5 w /w% biochar rate it was the most favourable treatment after 12 months. The grain husk and the paper fibre sludge biochar at 1 w /w% rate could also efficiently improve soil parameters and functions.

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“…One gasification product is biochar, it may be used as a soil amendment for climate change mitigation and improve soil biota functional redundancy, increase organic carbon stability, reduce N2O emissions, facilitate soil formation and favour water circulation as well as rhizosphere microbiome including support of the soil pH buffering capacity [75]. The understanding of biochar's role in soil provide valuable information about soil remediation process and contact with contaminants [76]- [79].…”

Section: Biocharmentioning

confidence: 99%

Small Scale Gasification Application and Perspectives in Circular Economy

Kļaviņš

Bisters

Burlakovs

2018

Environmental and Climate Technologies

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Gasification is the process converting solid fuels as coal and organic plant matter, or biomass into combustible gas, called syngas. Gasification is a thermal conversion process using carbonaceous fuel, and it differs substantially from other thermal processes such as incineration or pyrolysis. The process can be used with virtually any carbonaceous fuel. It is an endothermic thermal conversion process, with partial oxidation being the dominant feature. Gasification converts various feedstock including waste to a syngas. Instead of producing only heat and electricity, synthesis gas produced by gasification may be transformed into commercial products with higher value as transport fuels, fertilizers, chemicals and even to substitute natural gas. Thermo-chemical conversion of biomass and solid municipal waste is developing as a tool to promote the idea of energy system without fossil fuels to a reality. In municipal solid waste management, gasification does not compete with recycling, moreover it enhances recycling programs. Pre-processing and after-processing must increase the amount of recyclables in the circular economy. Additionally, end of life plastics can serve as an energy feedstock for gasification as otherwise it cannot be sorted out and recycled. There is great potential for application of gasification technology within the biomass waste and solid waste management sector. Industrial self-consumption in the mode of combined heat and power can contribute to sustainable economic development within a circular economy.

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Biochars in Soils: Towards the Required Level of Scientific Understanding

Cited by 57 publications

References 100 publications

The effect of ameliorants on improvement of soil fertility in post gold mining land at West Kalimantan

The effect of ameliorants on improvement of soil fertility in post gold mining land at West Kalimantan

Microcosm incubation study for monitoring the mid-term effects of different biochars on acidic sandy soil applying a multiparameter approach

Small Scale Gasification Application and Perspectives in Circular Economy

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