Biochemical and haematological changes following an acute toxicity study of a hydro-ethanolic whole plant extract of &lt;i&gt;Synedrella nodiflora&lt;/i&gt; (L) Gaertn in male Sprague-Dawley rats

Adjei, Samuel; Amoateng, Patrick; Osei‐Safo, Dorcas; Ahedor, Believe; N’guessan, BB; Addo, Phyllis; Asiedu-Gyekye, IJ

doi:10.4314/jmbs.v3i1.5

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Synedrella nodiflora (L.) Gaertn, which is a member of Asteraceae family, is a widely distributed tropical plant species having potentials as medicinal plant (Adjei et al, 2014;Amoateng et al, 2017;Amoateng et al, 2012;Bhogaonkar et al, 2011;Dutta, et al, 2012;Islam et al, 2013;Rathi & Gopalakrishnan, 2006), bioinsecticide (Belmain et al, 2001) and detoxificant for heavy metals such as Cu and Pb (Prekeyi & Oghenekevwe, 2007). On the other hands, it is also commonly found as broad-leaf weed in several crops, particularly in legumes, causing severe impacts with respect of productivity (Hasanudin et al, 2012;Moenandir et al, 1996;Murrinie, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Connectivity Among Synedrella nodiflora Populations in Java Island Based on Intergenic Spacer atpB-rbcL

2018

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The genus Synedrella remains monotypic in spite of its wide range of distribution, in which S. nodiflora (L.) Gaertn has taxonomically been the only member of the genus so far. This leads to assumption of the very low genetic difference among S. nodiflora populations worldwide. It may also be the case in Java Island, though rapid changes in ecosystem condition occurs. Here we report our study on S. nodiflora population genetics in Java Island using intergenic spacer (IGS) atpB-rbcL as a molecular marker, since it has been well known as one of the most variable chloroplast genome regions in a wide range of plant species so far. As many as 58 individuals were collected randomly from ten different locations in the island. Based on IGS atpBrbcL sequences of 860 bp length, only two haplotypes were observed. Both show only one polymorphic site (0.12%) as well as low haplotype diversity (0.0345) and low nucleotide diversity (0.000040). In addition, the very low fixation index (FST = 0.02645; p = 1.00000) proves low genetic difference, or in other words, indicates high connectivity among populations of S. nodiflora in Java Island. At the same time provides a fact of nearly no variation among the IGS atpB -rbcL sequences. (Chiang & Schaal, 2000a, 2000bFujii et al., 1997;Small et al., 2005;Taberlet et al., 1991). How to CiteThe purpose of this study is to know genetic diversity and the level of connectivity among S. nodiflora populations in Java Island based on IGS atpB -rbcL. It is expected from the study that molecular data can be obtained to compare with the existing taxonomical status of the species as the only member of genus Synedrella, which has been based merely on phenotypical characters. METHODSS. nodiflora samples were collected randomly from ten different locations in Java Island, i.e. Bogor (n = 5), Tasikmalaya (n = 5), Ciamis (n = 5), Banyumas (n = 10), Yogyakarta (n = 5), Mojokerto (n = 5), Probolinggo (n = 6), Malang (n = 6), Lumajang (n = 5) and Jember (n = 6) ( Figure 1). The plants were taken with their roots and were put into plastic bottles previously filled with a little water prior to be planted in pots in a glass house. Genomic DNAs were isolated from uppermost leaves following CTAB method (Doyle & Doyle, 1990). The quality and quantity of the isolated DNAs were measured using genequant. Amplification of IGS atpB -rbcL was performed using universal primers, i.e. 5'-ACA TCK ART ACK GGA CCA ATA A-3' as forward primer and 5' -AAC ACC AGC TTT RAA TCC AA-3' as reverse primer (Chiang et al., 1998). A total volume of 11.5 µl PCR mixture consisting of 2 µl template DNA, 5 µl KapaTaq DNA polymerase, 4.25 µl nuclease free water (NFW) and 0.125 µl of individual primer was subjected to PCR condition as follows: pre-denaturation of 94

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Connectivity Among Synedrella nodiflora Populations in Java Island Based on Intergenic Spacer atpB-rbcL

2018

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“…Previous studies have demonstrated anticonvulsant (Amoateng et al, 2012), analgesic (Woode et al, 2009;Amoateng et al, 2015) and antioxidant effects (Amoateng et al, 2011) of the hydroethanolic extract of this plant, validating its traditional medicinal use. In addition, acute, sub-acute and sub-chronic toxicological investigations of the extract reveal minimal or no observable toxicity in rats (Adjei, et al, 2014a;Adjei, et al, 2014b;Amoateng et al, 2016). The in vivo models used for the anticonvulsant studies were chemically and electrically induced seizures in rats and mice.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synedrella nodiflora Extract Depresses Excitatory Synaptic Transmission and Chemically-Induced In Vitro Seizures in the Rat Hippocampus

et al. 2021

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Extracts of the tropical Cinderella plant Synedrella nodiflora are used traditionally to manage convulsive conditions in the West African sub-region. This study sought to determine the neuronal basis of the effectiveness of these plant extracts to suppress seizure activity. Using the hippocampal slice preparation from rats, the ability of the extract to depress excitatory synaptic transmission and in vitro seizure activity were investigated. Bath perfusion of the hydro-ethanolic extract of Synedrella nodiflora (SNE) caused a concentration-dependent depression of evoked field excitatory postsynaptic potentials (fEPSPs) recorded extracellularly in the CA1 region of the hippocampus with maximal depression of about 80% and an estimated IC50 of 0.06 mg/ml. The SNE-induced fEPSP depression was accompanied by an increase in paired pulse facilitation. The fEPSP depression only recovered partially after 20 min washing out. The effect of SNE was not stimulus dependent as it was present even in the absence of synaptic stimulation. Furthermore, it did not show desensitization as repeat application after 10 min washout produced the same level of fEPSP depression as the first application. The SNE effect on fEPSPs was not via adenosine release as it was neither blocked nor reversed by 8-CPT, an adenosine A1 receptor antagonist. In addition, SNE depressed in vitro seizures induced by zero Mg2+ and high K+ -containing artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF) in a concentration-dependent manner. The results show that SNE depresses fEPSPs and spontaneous bursting activity in hippocampal neurons that may underlie its ability to abort convulsive activity in persons with epilepsy.

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“…The hydro-ethanolic extract of the whole plant has demonstrated anticonvulsant [ 13 ], sedative [ 14 ], in vitro antioxidant and free radical scavenging properties [ 15 ] as well as anti-nociceptive properties in acute and neuropathic pain [ 16 , 17 ]. An acute, sub-acute and sub-chronic toxicity of the extract in rodents showed no significant changes in haematological, biochemical and organ histological changes of animals treated with an LD 50 greater than 6400 mg/kg [ 18 – 20 ]. Our preliminary work conducted on this extract revealed that it was able to reduce stereotypic behaviour characteristic of schizophrenia and other psychotic conditions in experimental animals suggesting that it may have utility in the management of psychotic conditions [ 21 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extract of Synedrella nodiflora (L) Gaertn exhibits antipsychotic properties in murine models of psychosis

Amoateng

Adjei

Osei‐Safo

et al. 2017

BMC Complement Altern Med

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BackgroundThe hydro-ethanolic whole plant extract of Synedrella nodiflora (SNE) has demonstrated anticonvulsant, sedative and analgesic effects. Preliminary studies conducted in animals, SNE significantly decreased stereotypic behaviours suggesting antipsychotic potential. Coupled with the central nervous system depressant effects of SNE, we hypothesized that it may have utility in the management of psychosis. The present study therefore investigated the antipsychotic potential of the SNE in several murine models of psychosis.MethodThe primary central nervous system activities of SNE (30–3000 mg/kg, p.o) were investigated using the Irwin’s test. The novelty-induced rearing, locomotion and stereotypy counts provoked by SNE (100–1000 mg/kg, p.o) were conducted using the open-field paradigm. The antipsychotic test models used in the screening of SNE (100–1000 mg/kg, p.o) included apomorphine-induced stereotypy, rearing, locomotion and cage climbing activities. The combined effects of a low dose of SNE (100 mg/kg) with various doses of haloperidol and chlorpromazine were analysed using the apomorphine-induced cage climbing and stereotypy, respectively. The ability of SNE to cause catalepsy in naïve mice as well as its effect on haloperidol-induced catalepsy was assessed.ResultsSNE showed acetylcholine-like and serotonin-like activities in the Irwin test, with sedation occurring at high doses. SNE significantly reduced the frequencies of novelty- and apomorphine-induced rearing and locomotion; stereotypy behaviour and the frequency and duration of apomorphine-induced cage climbing in mice. In all the tests performed, SNE was less potent than the reference drugs used (chlorpromazine and haloperidol). In addition, SNE potentiated the effects of haloperidol and chlorpromazine on apomorphine-induced cage climbing and stereotypy activities in mice.ConclusionSNE, while exhibiting antipsychotic properties itself, can also potentiate the antipsychotic effects of chlorpromazine and haloperidol.

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Biochemical and haematological changes following an acute toxicity study of a hydro-ethanolic whole plant extract of <i>Synedrella nodiflora</i> (L) Gaertn in male Sprague-Dawley rats

Cited by 10 publications

References 11 publications

High Connectivity Among Synedrella nodiflora Populations in Java Island Based on Intergenic Spacer atpB-rbcL

High Connectivity Among Synedrella nodiflora Populations in Java Island Based on Intergenic Spacer atpB-rbcL

Synedrella nodiflora Extract Depresses Excitatory Synaptic Transmission and Chemically-Induced In Vitro Seizures in the Rat Hippocampus

Extract of Synedrella nodiflora (L) Gaertn exhibits antipsychotic properties in murine models of psychosis

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