Biochemical and histopathologic effects of omeprazole and vitamin E in rats with corrosive esophageal burns

Abstract

The aim of the study reported here was to evaluate the biochemical and histopathologic effects of omeprazole and vitamin E in rats with corrosive esophageal burns. A total of 144 Wistar Albino rats were divided into 12 experimental groups (12 rats per group) and used in an animal study. Group I rats were given a laparotomy and received no treatment (control group), while groups II, III and IV received a laparotomy and were treated with omeprazole, vitamin E or omeprazole/vitamin E, respectively. Groups V-XII rats received a laparotomy and were given a caustic acid burn through acid instillation (1 ml caustic 10% sulphuric acid; groups V-VIII) or alkali instillation (corrosive 10% sodium hydroxide solution; groups IX-XII) into the isolated esophageal segment via a 22-Fr cannula for 2 min. Each group of rats subjected to caustic burn received either no treatment (groups V and IX) or were treated with omeprazole, vitamin E or omeprazole/vitamin E, respectively (remaining six groups). Omeprazole (20 mg/kg) or vitamin E (10 mg/kg) was administered to the rats intraperitoneally or intramuscularly, respectively. Seventy-two rats (50% of each group, n = 6) were killed immediately after the experimental treatment (acute phase). The remaining rats were kept under standard conditions for 21 days (late phase) before being killed. The distal esophageal segments were harvested from all animal and used in histopathologic and biochemical analyses. Compared to the controls (no caustic burn), rats receiving only the acid or alkali installation (and no subsequent treatment) had the highest mean malondialdehyde (16.9 and 15.8 micromol MDA/g protein, respectively) and hydroxyproline (5.9 and 5.7; mg HP/g wet tissue) levels of all groups. In comparison, rats treated with acid + omeprazole and/or vitamin E had relatively lower MDA (12.9 and 11.6 micromol/g protein, respectively) and HP levels (4.3 and 4.08 mg/g wet tissue, respectively). Similarly, rats treated with alkali + omeprazole and/or vitamin E had low levels of MDA (13.9 and 11.7 micromol/g protein, respectively) and HP (4.3 and 4.4 mg/g wet tissue, respectively). The glutathione (GSH) levels of acid-only- or alkali-only-treated rats were lower than those found in omeprazole- and/or vitamin E-treated rats. Based on these results, we conclude that vitamin E and omeprazole affect the biochemical and histopathologic parameters in rats receiving corrosive esophageal burn from acid and alkali. The effect of both substances was slightly greater in the acid-treated groups.

Effectiveness of thymoquinone, zeolite, and platelet-rich plasma in model of corrosive oesophagitis induced in rats

“…Stricture was defined as an increased amount of collagen in subepithelial tissue. Classification was as follows: Inflammation score 0 was normal tissue, Inflammation score 1 was presence of inflammation and stricture in mucosa and submucosa, Inflammation score 2 was presence of inflammation and stricture in tunica muscularis, Inflammation score 3 was presence of inflammation and stricture in all 3 layers, and Inflammation score 4 was presence of necrosis [22]. …”

Acute therapy with intravenous omeprazole on caustic esophageal injury: a prospective case series

“…However, it has not been investigated for caustic esophageal injury before. In one experimental study, the efficacy of omeprazole on caustic burn was investigated 8 . Our study is the first study demonstrating that PPI infusion achieves effective improvement of endoscopic findings in 72 hours, and clinical significance of this is unknown based on data presented.…”

“…The role of acid in the persistent caustic ulceration in the esophagus and antrum was questioned, and the patient was empirically treated with PPI therapy. One experimental study has shown that omeprazole and vitamin E may prevent inflammation in the early phase of corrosive burn and thereby scar formation in the late phase of wound healing of the esophagus following the ingestion of acid and/or alkali 8 …”

“…Many agents directed at the pharmacological control of wound healing to prevent stricture formation have been used in previous experimental studies in the literature. Results of the treatment protocols including steroids, antibiotics, heparin, indomethacin, sucralfate, vitamin E, as well as total parenteral nutrition are controversial for corrosive burns 4–9 …”

“…Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor (PPI), which also has anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant properties 10,11 . A few experimental studies have investigated the relationship between PPI and corrosive burns 8 . However, to our knowledge there is no information regarding human subjects.…”