Biochemical and molecular characterization of Cronobacter spp. (formerly Enterobacter sakazakii) isolated from foods

Turcovský, Imrich; Kuniková, Kristína; Drahovská, Hana; Kaclíková, Eva

doi:10.1007/s10482-010-9484-7

Cited by 64 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The occurrence of Cronobacter in plant-based food ingredients has been reported many times already [24,25,26], and probably reflects the normal habitat for the bacterium [27]. Flour is used for starch production which is a common food ingredient especially in infant formula, and is a recognized source of Cronobacter spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of methods for the microbiological identification and profiling of Cronobacter species from ingredients used in the preparation of infant formula

Cetinkaya

Joseph

Ayhan

et al. 2013

Molecular and Cellular Probes

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Cronobacter spp. (formerly Enterobacter sakazakii) can be isolated from a wide range of foods and environments, and its association with neonatal infections has drawn considerable attention from regulatory authorities. The principle route of neonatal infection has been identified as the ingestion of contaminated infant formula. A number of methods have been developed to identify Cronobacter spp., however these were before the most recent (2012) taxonomic revision of the genus into seven species. In this study, phenotyping, protein profiling and molecular methods were used to identify Cronobacter strains which had been recently isolated from ingredients used in the preparation of infant formula.Pulsed field gel electrophoresis revealed that different Cronobacter strains had been recovered from the same food products. All isolates were identified as C sakazakii according to four genus specific PCR probes and protein profiling using MALDI-TOF analysis.However, 16S rDNA sequence analyses and fusA allele sequencing gave more accurate identification: four strains were C sakazakii, one strain was C malonaticus and the remaining strain was C universalis. Multilocus sequence typing showed the strains were different sequence types.These results demonstrate the presence of different Cronobacter species in food ingredients used in the preparation of infant formula, and also the need for molecular identification and profiling methods to be revised according to taxonomic revisions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of methods for the microbiological identification and profiling of Cronobacter species from ingredients used in the preparation of infant formula

Cetinkaya

Joseph

Ayhan

et al. 2013

Molecular and Cellular Probes

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show abstract

“…Fifteen strains which had been isolated from milk-processing factories, including roller dryers, tanker bays, and spray dryers, in Australia and Germany (6,21) were revealed to be ST4. Other nonclinical sources included isolates from weaning food, chocolate (44), and a washing brush (46). ST15 has a lone isolate from a Canadian clinical case (37).…”

Section: Mlst Of the Genusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity of the Cronobacter Genus as Revealed by Multilocus Sequence Typing

et al. 2012

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Cronobacter (previously known as Enterobacter sakazakii ) is a diverse bacterial genus consisting of seven species: C. sakazakii , C. malonaticus , C. turicensis , C. universalis , C. muytjensii , C. dublinensis , and C. condimenti . In this study, we have used a multilocus sequence typing (MLST) approach employing the alleles of 7 genes ( atpD , fusA , glnS , gltB , gyrB , infB , and ppsA ; total length, 3,036 bp) to investigate the phylogenetic relationship of 325 Cronobacter species isolates. Strains were chosen on the basis of their species, geographic and temporal distribution, source, and clinical outcome. The earliest strain was isolated from milk powder in 1950, and the earliest clinical strain was isolated in 1953. The existence of seven species was supported by MLST. Intraspecific variation ranged from low diversity in C. sakazakii to extensive diversity within some species, such as C. muytjensii and C. dublinensis , including evidence of gene conversion between species. The predominant species from clinical sources was found to be C. sakazakii. C. sakazakii sequence type 4 (ST4) was the predominant sequence type of cerebral spinal fluid isolates from cases of meningitis.

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“…The Strain C. turicensis 290708/07 was identified using the biochemical API 20E identification system (Biomerieux, Marcy-l'Etoile, France) and characterized by molecular methods as described in detail by Turcovsky et al [22]. This strain was used as a representative Cronobacter spp.…”

Section: Bacterial Strains and Phagesmentioning

confidence: 99%