Biochemical cartilage alteration and unexpected signal recovery in T2* mapping observed in ankle joints with mobile MRI during a transcontinental multistage footrace over 4486 km

Schütz, Uwe; Ellermann, Jutta; Schoss, Daniel; Wiedelbach, Heike; Beer, Meinrad; Billich, Christian

doi:10.1016/j.joca.2014.08.001

Cited by 35 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Four studies [32][33][34][35] investigating the effect of long-distance running on the ankle and foot complex using MRI were included in this systematic review. All the studies compared MRI results between baseline and follow-up within the same participants.…”

Section: Description Of Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…None of these studies performed a single long-distance running. Two studies [33,35] performed an ultra-marathon race (4486 km-4487 km) for about consecutive 64 days and one study [32] conducted 30 min outdoor run per day for consecutive seven days. The remaining study [34] conducted seven-month intensive training, consisting of six training sessions per week and two major international races.…”

Section: Description Of Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Follow-up study was conducted 10-20 h following exertion [32] or one month after the completion of the training season [34]. Another two studies [33,35] performed MRI examination repetitively (five times in total), before and during long-distance running, approximately every 900 km-1000 km. Two studies used a dedicated foot coil with 8 channels [33,35], while one study adopted a head coil [32] and the remaining study [34] did not describe their technique.…”

Section: Mri Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another two studies [33,35] performed MRI examination repetitively (five times in total), before and during long-distance running, approximately every 900 km-1000 km. Two studies used a dedicated foot coil with 8 channels [33,35], while one study adopted a head coil [32] and the remaining study [34] did not describe their technique. T2* mapping was performed in one study [35] to assess biochemical changes in the tibiotalar cartilage along with measuring its thickness.…”

Section: Mri Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two studies used a dedicated foot coil with 8 channels [33,35], while one study adopted a head coil [32] and the remaining study [34] did not describe their technique. T2* mapping was performed in one study [35] to assess biochemical changes in the tibiotalar cartilage along with measuring its thickness. One study determined [33] the Achilles tendon diameter, signal intensities in the tendons, bones and soft tissue in the ankle and hind foot regions.…”

Section: Mri Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of MR Images of the Ankle and Foot in Response to Long-Distance Running: A Systematic Review

Kim¹,

Fern²,

ez³

et al. 2017

Adv Tech Biol Med

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Background: It has remained controversial on whether excessive loadings imposed on the ankle and foot complex during long-distance running have a deleterious effect. The aim of this systematic review is to determine whether long-distance running causes any visible changes of the ankle and foot on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).Methods: Scopus, Web of Science, Embase and Ovid Medline were searched using key terms in relation to MRI findings of the ankle and foot in response to long-distance running, published between 1990 and 2016. The final search was conducted on 19 September, 2016. Studies were identified using inclusion and exclusion criteria. Methodological quality was assessed using a modified Quality Index. Results:The database search initially produced 551 articles and it was screened based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, finally resulting in four articles. Edema was reported in the talus, tibia, calcaneus, navicular, cuboid and cuneiforms. A significant alteration in signal intensity and/or edema was appeared in the calcaneus at the Achilles insertion point, intraosseous and subcutaneous over long-distance running. The diameter of Achilles tendon was also significantly increased. However, when comparing between race finishers and non-finishers, the plantar aponeurosis and subcutaneous were only significantly different, reporting a high rate of edema in non-finishers. Additionally, one study adopted T2* mapping and found significant alteration in T2* values in tibiotalar cartilage, but the value was unexpectedly decreased in the middle of long-distance running. Conclusion:This is the first systematic review to determine the effect of long-distance running on the ankle and foot using MRI. It shows that long-distance running may cause subtle pathological and biochemical changes in the ankle and foot, including the talus, tibia, the distal and proximal group of tarsal bones, 5 th metatarsals, soft tissues and the Achilles tendons. However, there is no evidence that these changes have clinical relevance. Evaluation of MR

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Section: Description Of Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Description Of Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mri Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mri Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mri Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Evaluation of MR Images of the Ankle and Foot in Response to Long-Distance Running: A Systematic Review

Kim¹,

Fern²,

ez³

et al. 2017

Adv Tech Biol Med

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Quantitative T₂* relaxation time analysis of articular cartilage of the tibiotalar joint in professional football players and healthy volunteers at 3T MRI

Behzadi

Maas

Welsch

et al. 2017

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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In vivo deformation of thin cartilage layers: Feasibility and applicability of T2* mapping

Ginckel

Witvrouw

2015

J. Orthop. Res.

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The objectives of this study were as follows: (i) to assess segmentation consistency and scan precision of T2 Ã mapping of human tibio-talar cartilage, and (ii) to monitor changes in T2 Ã relaxation times of ankle cartilage immediately following a clinically relevant in vivo exercise and during recovery. Using multi-echo gradient recalled echo sequences, averaged T2 Ã values were calculated for tibio-talar cartilage layers in 10 healthy volunteers. Segmentation consistency and scan precision were determined from two repeated segmentations and two repeated acquisitions with repositioning, respectively. Subsequently, acute in vivo cartilage loading responses were monitored by calculating averaged tibio-talar T2 Ã values at rest, immediately after (i.e., deformation) and at 15 min (i.e., recovery) following a 30-repetition knee bending exercise. Precision errors attained 4-6% with excellent segmentation consistency point estimates (i.e., intra-rater ICC of 0.95) and acceptable limits of confidence. At deformation, T2 Ã values were increased in both layers [þ16.1 (10.7)%, p ¼ 0.004 and þ17.3 (15.3)%, p ¼ 0.023, for the talus and tibia, respectively] whereas during recovery no significant changes could be established when comparing to baseline [talar cartilage: þ5.2 (8.2)%, p ¼ 0.26 and tibial cartilage: þ6.6 (10.4)%, p ¼ 0.23]. T2 Ã mapping is a viable method to monitor deformational behavior in thin cartilage layers such as ankle cartilage. Longitudinal changes in T2 Ã can be reliably appraised and require at least 4-6% differences to ascertain statistical significance. The ability to detect considerable change even after non-strenuous loading events, endorses T2 Ã mapping as an innovative method to evaluate the effects of therapeutic exercise on thin cartilage layers. ß

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Biochemical cartilage alteration and unexpected signal recovery in T2* mapping observed in ankle joints with mobile MRI during a transcontinental multistage footrace over 4486 km

Abstract: After initial T2-increase during the first 2000-2500 km, a subsequent T2-decrease indicates the ability of the normal cartilage matrix to partially regenerate under ongoing multistage ultramarathon burden in the ankle joints.

Cited by 35 publications

References 45 publications

Evaluation of MR Images of the Ankle and Foot in Response to Long-Distance Running: A Systematic Review

Evaluation of MR Images of the Ankle and Foot in Response to Long-Distance Running: A Systematic Review

Quantitative T₂* relaxation time analysis of articular cartilage of the tibiotalar joint in professional football players and healthy volunteers at 3T MRI

In vivo deformation of thin cartilage layers: Feasibility and applicability of T2* mapping

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Biochemical cartilage alteration and unexpected signal recovery in T2* mapping observed in ankle joints with mobile MRI during a transcontinental multistage footrace over 4486 km

Abstract: After initial T2*-increase during the first 2000-2500 km, a subsequent T2*-decrease indicates the ability of the normal cartilage matrix to partially regenerate under ongoing multistage ultramarathon burden in the ankle joints.

Cited by 35 publications

References 45 publications

Evaluation of MR Images of the Ankle and Foot in Response to Long-Distance Running: A Systematic Review

Evaluation of MR Images of the Ankle and Foot in Response to Long-Distance Running: A Systematic Review

Quantitative T2* relaxation time analysis of articular cartilage of the tibiotalar joint in professional football players and healthy volunteers at 3T MRI

In vivo deformation of thin cartilage layers: Feasibility and applicability of T2* mapping

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Abstract: After initial T2-increase during the first 2000-2500 km, a subsequent T2-decrease indicates the ability of the normal cartilage matrix to partially regenerate under ongoing multistage ultramarathon burden in the ankle joints.

Quantitative T₂* relaxation time analysis of articular cartilage of the tibiotalar joint in professional football players and healthy volunteers at 3T MRI