Biochemical Changes in the Pancreases of Chicks Fed Raw Soybeans and Soybean Meal

Kakade, M. L.; Barton, T. L.; Schaible, P. J.; Evans, Robert J.

doi:10.3382/ps.0461578

Cited by 15 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Enzyme activities were not elevated in pancreatic homogenates when chicks were fed on diets containing tannin-rich hulls; on the contrary, a-amylase activity was slightly depressed in pancreatic homogenates from chicks fed on the diets containing the two higher concentrations of tannins (150 and 300 g hulls/kg); this is in agreement with previous results (Longstaff & McNab, 1991). Diets containing trypsin inhibitors have also been shown to cause a slight reduction in a-amylase activity in the pancreas of rats and chicks (Kakade et al 1967;Konijin et al 1970).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

The effect of concentration of tannin-rich bean hulls (Vicia fabaL.) on activities of lipase (EC3.1.1.3) and α-amylase (EC3.2.1.1) in digesta and pancreas and on the digestion of lipid and starch by young chicks

Longstaff

McNab

1991

Br J Nutr

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The effect of different concentrations of tannin-rich field-bean (Viciafaba L.) hulls at 0,20,50, 150 and 300 g/kg dietary inclusion on the activities of lipase (EC 3 . 1 . 1 .3) and a-amylase (EC 3.2.1.1) in digesta and pancreas and on the digestion of lipid and starch was studied in 2-3-week-old male broiler chicks. Low dietary concentrations of tannins (20 and 50 g hulls/kg) enhanced the activity of lipase in digesta from both the jejunum and ileum, the 20 g hulls/kg effecting the greatest enhancement, but no stimulatory effect on the activity of digesta a-amylase was observed. High dietary concentrations of tannins (150 and 300 g hulls/kg) inhibited both lipase and a-amylase activities in digesta from both the jejunum and ileum, the 30 g hulls/kg causing the most inhibition. Tannins did not increase the activities of lipase or a-amylase in pancreatic homogenates, but a t high concentrations (150 and 300 g hulls/kg) they lowered slightly the pancreatic activity of a-amylase. Nutrient digestion was less influenced by the concentration of tannins than digesta enzyme activities.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

The effect of concentration of tannin-rich bean hulls (Vicia fabaL.) on activities of lipase (EC3.1.1.3) and α-amylase (EC3.2.1.1) in digesta and pancreas and on the digestion of lipid and starch by young chicks

Longstaff

McNab

1991

Br J Nutr

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“…There are, however, contradictory reports regarding the effect of RSF on enzyme activities in the pancreas and intestinal chyme of experimental animals. Elevated proteolytic activity in the pancreas of chicks and rats fed on RSF compared with heated soya-bean flour (HSF) was reported by Kakade et al (1967), Gertler & Nitsan (1970) and Konijn et al (1970). Amylase (EC 3 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 . 1) activity in the pancreas of rats and chicks may be either unchanged (Gertler & Nitsan, 1970) or slightly reduced (Kakade et al 1967;Konijn et al 1969) by trypsininhibitor (TI)-containing diets, whereas in the mouse it is increased (Roy & Schneeman, 1981). Lipase (EC 3.1.1.3) activity is unaffected in chicks and mice (Nitsan & Nir, 1977;Roy & Schneeman, 1981).…”

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confidence: 99%

Growth, digestibility, and enzyme activities in the pancreas and intestines of guinea-pigs fed on raw and heated soya-bean flour

et al. 1989

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~~ -The nutritional effects of giving raw (RSF) or heated (HSF) soya-bean flour to young guinea-pigs were investigated in trials 1 and 2, in which the levels of dietary protein were 120 and 190 g/kg diet respectively. The growth rate of animals fed on RSF was lower than that of those fed on HSF. Growth retardation of guinea-pigs fed on RSF was accompanied by a lower apparent digestibility of the protein (0.49-0.53) compared with HSF (067-0-76) and lower food conversion efficiency. In RSF-fed animals, increasing dietary protein affected growth and food conversion efficiency negatively. The pancreas of animals fed on RSF and HSF was similar in weight but secreted less trypsin, chymotrypsin and amylase, in RFS-fed animals. It was concluded that the mechanism by which raw soya-bean negatively affects the growth rate of guinea-pigs by reducing the activity of intestinal enzymes, differs from that suggested for rats and chicks, but is similar to that of pigs and calves.

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Plant inhibitors of proteolytic enzymes

Mossor

Skupin

Romanowska

1984

Nahrung

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The presence of inhibitors of proteinases was stated in many species of plants. There are macropeptides of the molecular weight ranging from 3700 to 8000, often bound to carbohydrates. Potential sources of inhibitors of proteinases are legumes, cereals, potatoes and also some fruits. They are characterized by different activity. "Single-headed" inhibitors inhibit one type of proteolytic enzyme, when "double-headed" inhibitors, possessing two independent active sites, can inhibit several types of proteolytic enzymes at the same time. They also differ in the resistance to temperature and change of pH. The role and importance of inhibitors of proteinases is not exactly explained. They are used in the pharmaceutical, baking and beer-industry as well as in the therapy of numerous diseases.

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Biochemical Changes in the Pancreases of Chicks Fed Raw Soybeans and Soybean Meal

Cited by 15 publications

References 7 publications

The effect of concentration of tannin-rich bean hulls (Vicia fabaL.) on activities of lipase (EC3.1.1.3) and α-amylase (EC3.2.1.1) in digesta and pancreas and on the digestion of lipid and starch by young chicks

The effect of concentration of tannin-rich bean hulls (Vicia fabaL.) on activities of lipase (EC3.1.1.3) and α-amylase (EC3.2.1.1) in digesta and pancreas and on the digestion of lipid and starch by young chicks

Growth, digestibility, and enzyme activities in the pancreas and intestines of guinea-pigs fed on raw and heated soya-bean flour

Plant inhibitors of proteolytic enzymes

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