Biochemical characterization of multifunctional endophytic fungi from Bambusa oldhamii Munro

Abstract

In a plant-endophyte relationship, substances secreted by microorganisms can help the plant to defend itself against pathogens and also to promote an increase in biomass. This study aimed to biochemically characterize endophytic fungi from Bambusa oldhamii Munro, aiming at future studies on plant growth promotion, as well as on resistance induction. The following fungal isolates from B. oldhamii were used: 29 (Acrocalymma sp.); 122 (Botryobambusa fusicoccum); 711 (Phoma sp.); and 712 (Phoma sp.). Biochemical characterization was performed, analyzing the production of indole-acetic acid, chitinases and glucanases, as well as the presence or absence of polyphenol oxidases and phosphate solubilization activity in vitro. The isolate 29 produced larger amounts of indole-acetic acid and chitinases, yielding 31.55 mg mL-1 after 96 h and 2.59 U mL-1 after 120 h, respectively. The isolate 122 produced an increased amount of glucanases, yielding 2.65 U mL-1 after 72 h. The isolates 29, 711 and 712 produced polyphenol oxidases. The isolate 711 showed phosphate solubilization activity in vitro. These results indicate that the isolates under study show a potential for inducing resistance in plants and for future studies on the increase of plant biomass.

Plant-associated endophytic fungi as potential bio-factories for extracellular enzymes: Progress, Challenges and Strain improvement with precision approaches

“…have shown meticulous applications as reported recently (Ayswaria et al, 2020). Acrocalymma sp., an endophytic fungus isolated from Bambusa oldhamii Munro, has been shown to produce chitinase among a total of 1574 fungal species isolated recently (da Costa Silveira et al, 2020). Loc et al (2020) reported maximum chitinases activity from endophytic fungi Trichoderma sp.…”

Sorghum-Phosphate Solubilizers Interactions: Crop Nutrition, Biotic Stress Alleviation, and Yield Optimization

“…Following degradation, there occurs the leakage of inner cellular contents to the exterior environment and, finally, due to the osmotic imbalance, the pathogenic fungi collapses (Singh et al, 1999). For instance, some PSFs, such as Acrocalymma sp., otryobambusa fusicoccum, and Phoma sp., produce lytic enzymes such as chitinases and glucanases (Silveira et al, 2021) and catalase and cellulases (Amin et al, 2020) Aspergillus, and Colletotrichum (Herrera-Quiterio et al, 2020).…”

“…Following degradation, there occurs the leakage of inner cellular contents to the exterior environment and, finally, due to the osmotic imbalance, the pathogenic fungi collapses ( Singh et al, 1999 ). For instance, some PSFs, such as Acrocalymma sp., otryobambusa fusicoccum, and Phoma sp., produce lytic enzymes such as chitinases and glucanases ( Silveira et al, 2021 ) and catalase and cellulases ( Amin et al, 2020 ), and many PS actinomycetes such as S. fulvissimus , Streptoverticillium olivoverticillatum , S. nogalater , S. longisporoflavus, and S. cellulosae produce cellulase, chitinase, pectinase, lipase, and amylase ( Nandimath et al, 2017 ), which lyse the cell walls of pathogenic fungi attacking sorghum. Similarly, number of PSB belonging to the genera Chrysobacterium, Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Mycobacterium, Staphylococcus, Curtobacterium, Enterobacter, Agrobacterium, Ochrobactrum, Serratia, Stenotrophomonas, and Acinetobacter produced lytic enzymes, such as proteases, celluloses, lipases, esterases, and amylases, which exhibited activity against Fusarium , Aspergillus , and Colletotrichum ( Herrera-Quiterio et al, 2020 ).…”