Biochemical Comparison of Leaves of Five Avocado (Persea americana Mill.) Cultivars and its Possible Association with Susceptibility to Phytophthora cinnamomi Rootrot

Brune, Walter; Lelyveld, L. J. van

doi:10.1111/j.1439-0434.1982.tb00531.x

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…americana (West Indian variety) and P. americana var. guatemalensis (Guatemalan variety) . The most diverse and abundant foliar PSMs in avocado are terpenoids, compounds used in chemical profiling because the terpenoid profile is genetically controlled .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most studies of foliar chemistry in the genus Persea report results of composite samples of few individuals . The average relative or absolute concentration and their dispersion measures, such as standard errors and standard deviations, do not describe adequately chemical variation because polymorphic variation is common in chemical phenotypes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[17] Most studies of foliar chemistry in the genus Persea report results of composite samples of few individuals. [10] [18] [19] The average relative or absolute concentration and their dispersion measures, such as standard errors and standard deviations, do not describe adequately chemical variation because polymorphic variation is common in chemical phenotypes. Furthermore, high foliar phenotypic chemical variability among avocado trees has been observed previously in Hass [20] and creole avocados; [21] [22] also, chemotypes in creole avocado have been described.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phenotypic Variations in the Foliar Chemical Profile of Persea americana Mill. cv. Hass

García‐Rodríguez

Torres-Gurrola

Meléndez-González

et al. 2016

Chemistry & Biodiversity

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The Hass avocado tree Persea americana cv. Hass was derived from a single hybrid tree of P. americana var. drymifolia and P. americana var. guatemalensis, and it is propagated clonally by grafting. This cultivar is the most widely planted in the world but its profile of secondary metabolites has been studied rarely despite of its importance in plant protection. We illustrate the variability of the volatilome of mature leaves by describing the average chemical composition and the phenotypic variability found in 70 trees. Contrary to the uniformity expected in the Hass cultivar, high variability coefficients were found for most of the 36 detected foliar volatile compounds; furthermore we found six chemotypes grouping the foliar phenotypes of the sampled trees using hierarchical cluster analysis. About 48% of trees were grouped in one chemotype; five chemotypes grouped the remaining trees. The compounds that determined these chemotypes were: estragole, α-farnesene, β-caryophyllene, germacrene D, α-cubebene and eugenol. This striking variation in a cultivar propagated clonally is discussed in terms of somatic mutation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phenotypic Variations in the Foliar Chemical Profile of Persea americana Mill. cv. Hass

García‐Rodríguez

Torres-Gurrola

Meléndez-González

et al. 2016

Chemistry & Biodiversity

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“…Persea americana is rich in secondary metabolites with antagonistic activity against herbivores and pathogens (Sneh & Gross, 1981;Brune & Van lelyveld, 1982;Prusky et al, 1985;Hennessey, Knight & Schnell, 1995). The most studied secondary metabolites in Persea spp.…”

Section: The Hass Avocado Avocado Cultivarmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implications of the foliar phytochemical diversity of the avocado crop Persea americana cv. Hass in its susceptibility to pests and pathogens

Espinosa‐García

García‐Rodríguez

Bravo-Monzón

et al. 2021

PeerJ

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Phytochemical diversity (PD) can be considered as a defensive trait; it can operate through single plant secondary metabolites or usually as complex mixtures of them. We tested the more diversity-better defense hypothesis correlating the leaf plant secondary metabolites (PSMs) with the incidence of plant enemies on Hass avocado trees. We expected a negative correlation between the occurrence of plant enemies and PD metrics. Also, as intraspecific PSMs polymorphisms in plant populations are common, we studied the incidence of plant enemies on Hass avocado trees representing chemical variants (chemotypes). We expected a differential incidence of plant enemies among trees grouped by their mono and sesquiterpene + phenylpropanoid chemotypes. We analyzed foliar hexane extracts from 236 trees in 17 orchards by gas chromatography and for the incidence of red mite, thrips, whitefly, avocado branch borer, fruit rot, scab, and peduncle collar blight. The predicted negative correlation between the plant enemies’ incidence and the phytochemical metrics did not occur. To determine the relationship between enemy incidence and chemotypes we grouped the trees by cluster analysis using a matrix of PSMs in each tree. Most trees were grouped under four out of 23 chemotypes. Branch borers attacked trees of low-frequency chemotypes more frequently than trees with common chemotypes. The incidence of five plant enemies was different among the predominant chemotypes. The hypothesis of more diversity-better defense was not supported by the correlations between the phytochemical diversity and the incidence of pests and pathogens in Hass avocado orchards. Based on our results, we hypothesize that phytochemical diversity function as a defensive trait relies more on differentiation among individuals in a population than on the sole increase of chemical diversity. Also, the differential incidence of pests and pathogens on trees classified by their foliar chemotypes implies that these susceptibility or resistance markers represent potential useful tools for Hass avocado orchard pest management.

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“…Isozyme analysis of plant enzymes has become increasingly important in evolutionary studies of species divergence (Hurka et aL, 1989;Proctor et al, 1989), in variation analysis of plant varieties (Brune and Van Lelyveld, 1984;Machado and Contel, 1989), and in plant breeding programs (Chaparro et al, 1989). The rigorous use of isozymes in genetic analysis has led to important breakthroughs in the separation of diverging populations of a species (Brain, 1986).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A critical evaluation of peroxidase profiles inParthenium argentatum

1991

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Biochemical Comparison of Leaves of Five Avocado (Persea americana Mill.) Cultivars and its Possible Association with Susceptibility to Phytophthora cinnamomi Rootrot

Cited by 10 publications

References 32 publications

Phenotypic Variations in the Foliar Chemical Profile of Persea americana Mill. cv. Hass

Phenotypic Variations in the Foliar Chemical Profile of Persea americana Mill. cv. Hass

Implications of the foliar phytochemical diversity of the avocado crop Persea americana cv. Hass in its susceptibility to pests and pathogens

A critical evaluation of peroxidase profiles inParthenium argentatum

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