Biochemical composition and energy content of size-fractionated zooplankton east of the Kerguelen Islands

Harmelin-Vivien, Mireille; Bănaru, Daniela; Dromard, Charlotte R.; Ourgaud, Mélanie; Carlotti, François

doi:10.1007/s00300-019-02458-8

Cited by 24 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…This strategy would allow foraminifera to resist the cold to potentially overwinter. This hypothesis is supported by analogous observations made on different size fraction of zooplankton in the Southern Indian Ocean showing variability in protein and lipid percentages among the 80 to 310 200 µm populations (Harmelin-Vivien et al, 2019) and also by observations made on pteropods in the Arctic (Kattner et al, 1998;Phleger et al, 2001;Böer et al, 2005). The fact that higher SNP of foraminifera were observed where Chl-a is higher is compatible with the fact that polar organisms are supposed to rely on their protein catabolism when food is easily accessible rather than on their lipid storage (Brockington & Clarke 2001).…”

Section: Planktonic Foraminifera Protein Concentration Potential Marker Of Their Metabolismsupporting

confidence: 74%

Population dynamics of modern planktonic foraminifera in the western Barents Sea

Meilland¹,

Howa²,

Hulot³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Abstract. This study reports on species diversity and distribution of planktonic foraminifera (PF) at the Barents Sea Opening (BSO). PF populations living in late summer (collected by mean of stratified plankton tows) and recently settled individuals (sampled by interface corer) were studied and compared. High abundances reaching up to 400&#8201;ind.m&#8722;3 in tow samples and 8000&#8201;ind.cm&#8722;3 in surface sediments were recorded in the centre of the studied area while low abundances were observed in coastal areas, likely hampered by continental influences. The living and subfossil (i.e. core-top) assemblages are mainly composed of the four same species Neogloboquadrina pachyderma, Neogloboquadrina incompta, Turborotalita quinqueloba and Globigerinita uvula. The two species G. uvula and T. quinqueloba largely dominate the upper water column whereas surface sediment assemblages display especially high concentrations of N. pachyderma. The unusual dominance of G. uvula in the water sample assemblages compared to its low occurrence in surface sediments might be the signature of (1) a seasonal signal due to summer phytoplankton composition changes at the BSO, linked to the increase of summer temperature at the study site, and/or (2) a signal of a larger time-scale and wide geographical reach phenomenon inducing poleward temperate/subpolar species migration and consecutive foraminiferal assemblage diversification at high latitudes under global climate forcing. Protein concentrations were measured on single specimens and used as a proxy of individual carbon biomass. Specimens of all species show the same trend, i.e. a northward decrease of their size-normalized-protein concentration suggesting foraminiferal biomass to be potentially controlled by different constituents of their organelles (e.g. lipids). The originality of coupling data from plankton tows, protein measurements and surface sediments allows us to hypothesise that PF dynamics (seasonality and distribution) is decoupled from their metabolism.

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Section: Planktonic Foraminifera Protein Concentration Potential Marker Of Their Metabolismsupporting

confidence: 74%

Population dynamics of modern planktonic foraminifera in the western Barents Sea

Meilland¹,

Howa²,

Hulot³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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“…Size fractionation by sieving has been used in several studies of zooplankton, especially with focus on metabolic activity, turnover and trophic position revealed by stable isotopes (e.g. Lie et al., 1983 ; Head et al., 1999 ; Rolff, 2000 ; Bănaru et al., 2014 ; Harmelin-Vivien et al., 2019 ). Successive sieving through 2000 and 1000 μm screens has been commonly used, while some studies have also included a 500-μm screen to improve the resolution in the lower side of the size spectrum.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Species composition of three size fractions of zooplankton used in routine monitoring of the Barents Sea ecosystem

Skjoldal

2021

Journal of Plankton Research

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Size fractionation with 2000 and 1000 μm screens is used by the Institute of Marine Research in Norway in routine monitoring of zooplankton biomass. This study examines the separation of taxa by this procedure. For copepods and cladocerans, the fractionation separates individuals according to their size in a consistent and predictable manner. Individuals up to 0.4 mm in width are contained in the small fraction (<1 mm). From width 0.4 to 0.8 mm, there is a progressive shift from the small to the medium fraction (1–2 mm). From about 0.8 mm width, individuals start to be contained in the large fraction (>2 mm). For Calanus finmarchicus, young copepodites CI–CIII are contained in the small fraction, while the older stages CV and adults are contained in the medium fraction. Small copepods (Oithona, Oncaea, Microcalanus, Pseudocalanus) are contained in the small fraction, as are most appendicularians and meroplanktonic invertebrate larvae. The large fraction includes large copepods, larger individuals of chaetognaths, krill and amphipods. The consistency of separation of taxa by size will help to interpret and improve the ecological relevance of results on size-fractioned zooplankton biomass in the Barents Sea as well as other high-latitude areas.

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“…There are a number of factors affecting the caloric content of aquatic organisms: the size of organisms, , etc. (Norrbin, Bamstedt, 1984, Orejas, 2001, Núñez-Pons, Avila, 2014, Harmelin-Vivien et al, 2019. These factors, both as single as well as in combination, affect the ratio between the organic and mineral fractions of the examined substance, as well as, which is important, between the separate components of the organic matter, which determines the caloric value of hydrobionts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy content of sublittoral biologically-relevant resources in the East Antarctic seas

Giginyak

Lukashanets

Бородин

et al. 2020

UAJ

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Objective.To determine the energy value of several groups of the East Antarctic sea biota and identify potential calorific differences in the context of both taxa and ecological groups. Methodology. Sampling was carried out by traditional methods (benthic traps, diving gathering), and remote sampling was also applied (using remote-controlled underwater vehicles). The energy value of organisms is determined using wet burning methods. Results. The energy indicators of the main biological objects of the sublittoral of the three seas at the East Antarctica were determined for the first time. It has been shown that in the studied sublittoral regions of the Cosmonauts, Cooperation (more Sodruzhestva) and Davis seas, the dominant species of marine zoobenthos was the sea urchin Sterechinus neumayeri (Meissner, 1900). The caloric values of starfish, polychaetes, nemerteans, sponges, ascidia, holothurians, crustaceans, and some other taxa of marine biota were determined. It is shown that the content of organic matter in Antarctic species varies from 12-94%, and caloric content-from 0.7-7.3% cal / mg dry matter, with the maximum values registered for amphipods and calanoids. The energy equivalents of marine zoobenthos per unit of bottom square have been calculated. The ratio equation of the caloric content of the substance of the studied object to the ash content is calculated. Conclusions. In general, we can conclude that the caloric values of marine zoobenthos in all three studied seas are close to each other. Furthermore, the caloric content of individual representatives of marine fauna varies significantly and, in general, depends on the quantity and quality of organic matter in certain species as well as on the season of year. The low-calo ric representatives of the Antarctic flora and fauna correspond to the high substance ash levels of their body. Depending on the energy value significance, several groups of marine biota were represented, represented by various taxa.

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Biochemical composition and energy content of size-fractionated zooplankton east of the Kerguelen Islands

Cited by 24 publications

References 61 publications

Population dynamics of modern planktonic foraminifera in the western Barents Sea

Population dynamics of modern planktonic foraminifera in the western Barents Sea

Species composition of three size fractions of zooplankton used in routine monitoring of the Barents Sea ecosystem

Energy content of sublittoral biologically-relevant resources in the East Antarctic seas

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