Biochemical Markers in the Family Canidae.

Clark, P.; Ryan, GE; Czuppon, AB

doi:10.1071/zo9750411

Cited by 11 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…familiaris (Dresler et al, 1976), This paper presents the results of an examination of the amino acid composition of aT-13 (which contains residue 130) of a pure bred dingo. The presence of two forms of a-chain in the dingo further supports the conclusions that the dingo is more closely related to the domestic dog than to the wolf (Glark et al, 1975) or to the coyote (Runkel et al, 1974).…”

supporting

confidence: 69%

THE AMINO ACID COMPOSITION OF αT‐13 OF GLOBIN FROM A PURE BRED DINGO (CANIS FAMILIARIS DINGO)

Henderson

Coates

Brimhall

et al. 1979

Aust J Exp Biol Med

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INTRODUGTIONThere is very little biochemical variation among the species that constitute the Ganidae (Simonsen, 1976). Studies of qualitative genetic markers in the domestic dog {Canis familiaris familiaris) and the dingo {Cf. dingo) have found no differences (Glark, Ryan and Gzuppon, 1975; Shaughnessy, Newsome and Gorbett, 1975;Gole, Baverstock and Green, 1977).The amino acid sequence of the a-chain of the haemoglobin of the domestic dog has been determined. There are two forms of the a-chain. They differ at only one position of the sequence (130), where either threonine or alanine may occur (Jones, Brimhall and Duerst, 1971). There is evidence to suggest that the presence of two forms of a-chain is widespread amongst domestic dogs and that it is coded for by multiple structural gene loci (Dresler, Brimhall and Jones, 1976). Neither the wolf {Canis lupus) nor the coyote {Canis latrans) displays evidence of this heterogeneity; their a-chains have only threonine at position 130 (Runkel et al, 1974). It has been suggested, therefore, that this change in the a-chain occurred quite recently in the evolutionary history of C.f. familiaris (Dresler et al, 1976), This paper presents the results of an examination of the amino acid composition of aT-13 (which contains residue 130) of a pure bred dingo. The presence of two forms of a-chain in the dingo further supports the conclusions that the dingo is more closely related to the domestic dog than to the wolf (Glark et al, 1975) or to the coyote (Runkel et al, 1974). MATERIALS AND METHODSBlood from a pure bred dingo was collected by venepuncture in EDTA anticoagulant. Blood was centrifuged at 3,000 g for 5 min, the plasma discarded and the red cells washed three times in isotonic saline. Globin was prepared from haemolysed red blood cells by precipitation with cold acid-acetone (Schroeder et al, 1963). The globin chains were separated on a carboxymethyl cellulose column (Whatman microgranular GM52-preswollen §Person to whom reprint requests should be sent.

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supporting

confidence: 69%

THE AMINO ACID COMPOSITION OF αT‐13 OF GLOBIN FROM A PURE BRED DINGO (CANIS FAMILIARIS DINGO)

Henderson

Coates

Brimhall

et al. 1979

Aust J Exp Biol Med

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“…The differences of the allele distribution may be attributed to the different genetic origin of the breeds. According to CLARK et al (1975) In most of the investigations the allele a was found to appear more frequently than allele b (DURR, 1969;REETZ, 1983). Only in a few number of breeds including Basenji, Boxer and Greyhound the b allele was the predominating one .…”

Section: Transferrin (Trf)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Considerably allele b is only present in breeds of African origin (Azawakh and Sloughi) (Table 3). It may originate from jackal, fox ox coyote (SIMONSEN, 1976;CLARK et al, 1975).…”

Section: Glucose Phosphate Isomerase (Gpi)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast to the great number of investigations on enzymes and proteins in blood of common dogs including European and Japanese breeds (BLIRUP-JENSEN, 1976;CLARK et al, 1975;COLE et al, 1977;JAN and Bouw, 1983;MEERA KHAN et al, 1973;SIMONSEN, 1976;TANABE et al, 1974TANABE et al, , 1977TANABE et al, and 1978WEIDEN et al, 1974), there is no corresponding comprehensive study concerning the biochemical genetic variability in race hounds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biochemical Variation of Blood Proteins in Race Hounds

Scherer

Kluge

1993

Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series A

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Summary In the present study biochemical polymorphisms were investigated in blood of different race hounds and compared to those of other dog breeds. Twenty‐three proteins were separated electrophoretically in starch gel and Polyacrylamide gel respectively. For 9 proteins genetic variants could be assured: postalbumin‐1 (PA‐1), postalbumin‐3 (PA‐3), transferrin (TRF), plasma esterase (ES), leucine arylaminopeptidase (LAP), haptoglobin (HP), glucose phosphate isomerase (GPI), superoxide dismutase (SOD), albumin (ALB). The already known HP polymorphism was analyzed and described in more detail. In addition, a sex independent variation was found for the GPD.

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“…Early genetic studies used allozymes in an attempt to differentiate canid species in Australia by comparing protein sequences after electrophoresis. However, the results indicated that dingo and dog populations could not be differentiated because there was little genetic variation at the loci tested (Clark, Ryan & Czuppon, 1975;Cole, Baverstock & Green, 1977). The limited biochemical differentiation found in a variety of canid species by Clark et al .…”

Section: Methods Of Assessment Genetic Analysismentioning

confidence: 80%

Assessing the taxonomic status of dingoes Canis familiaris dingo for conservation

et al. 2006

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1. The conservation status of the dingo Canis familiaris dingo is threatened by hybridization with the domestic dog C. familiaris familiaris . A practical method that can estimate the different levels of hybridization in the field is urgently required so that animals below a specific threshold of dingo ancestry (e.g. 1/4 or 1/2 dingoes) can reliably be identified and removed from dingo populations. 2. Skull morphology has been traditionally used to assess dingo purity, but this method does not discriminate between the different levels of dingo ancestry in hybrids. Furthermore, measurements can only be reliably taken from the skulls of dead animals. 3. Methods based on the analysis of variation in DNA are able to discriminate between the different levels of hybridization, but the validity of this method has been questioned because the materials currently used as a reference for dingoes are from captive animals of unproven genetic purity. The use of pre-European materials would improve the accuracy of this method, but suitable material has not been found in sufficient quantity to develop a reliable reference population. Furthermore, current methods based on DNA are impractical for the field-based discrimination of hybrids because samples require laboratory analysis. 4. Coat colour has also been used to estimate the extent of hybridization and is possibly the most practical method to apply in the field. However, this method may not be as powerful as genetic or morphological analyses because some hybrids (e.g. Australian cattle dog × dingo) are similar to dingoes in coat colour and body form. This problem may be alleviated by using additional visual characteristics such as the presence/absence of ticking and white markings.

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Biochemical Markers in the Family Canidae.

Cited by 11 publications

References 0 publications

THE AMINO ACID COMPOSITION OF αT‐13 OF GLOBIN FROM A PURE BRED DINGO (CANIS FAMILIARIS DINGO)

THE AMINO ACID COMPOSITION OF αT‐13 OF GLOBIN FROM A PURE BRED DINGO (CANIS FAMILIARIS DINGO)

Biochemical Variation of Blood Proteins in Race Hounds

Assessing the taxonomic status of dingoes Canis familiaris dingo for conservation

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