Biochemical Mechanisms of Pathogen Restriction by Intestinal Bacteria

Rangan, Kavita J.; Hang, Howard C.

doi:10.1016/j.tibs.2017.08.005

Cited by 40 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 126 publications

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“…Although our method does not allow the identification of specific species within Actinobacteria , the abundance reduction in this phylum may be involved in the pathogenesis of LC. If there is a causal role in LC, then cancer suppression of malignant cells by secondary metabolites of the gut actinomycetes might be of interest (Rangan and Hang, 2017). A study has recently obtained initial evidence to support this hypothesis: an isolated Actinobacteria sp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dysbiosis of the Gut Microbiome in Lung Cancer

Zhuang

Liang

Wang

et al. 2019

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

171

133

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Lung cancer (LC) is one of the most serious malignant tumors, which has the fastest growing morbidity and mortality worldwide. A role of the lung microbiota in LC pathogenesis has been analyzed, but a comparable role of the gut microbiota has not yet been investigated. In this study, the gut microbiota of 30 LC patients and 30 healthy controls were examined via next-generation sequencing of 16S rRNA and analyzed for diversity and biomarkers. We found that there was no decrease in significant microbial diversity (alpha diversity) in LC patients compared to controls ( P observed = 0.1422), while the composition (beta diversity) differed significantly between patients and controls (phylum [stress = 0.153], class [stress = 0.16], order [stress = 0.146], family [stress = 0.153]). Controls had a higher abundance of the bacterial phylum Actinobacteria and genus Bifidobacterium , while patients with LC showed elevated levels of Enterococcus . These bacteria were found as possible biomarkers for LC. A decline of normal function of the gut microbiome in LC patients was also observed. These results provide the basic guidance for a systematic, multilayered assessment of the role of the gut microbiome in LC, which has a promising potential for early prevention and targeted intervention.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dysbiosis of the Gut Microbiome in Lung Cancer

Zhuang

Liang

Wang

et al. 2019

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

171

133

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“…Host-associated microbial communities often represent a formidable obstacle to invasion by pathogens. This phenomenon, known as colonization resistance, is multifactorial, including competition for nutrients, niche occupation, immune regulation, and modulation of virulence factors (36). The contribution of secreted antimicrobial toxins by the microbiota to prevent invasion by pathogens has only recently been investigated.…”

Section: Interference Competition In Colonization Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial antagonism in host-associated microbial communities

García-Bayona

Comstock

2018

Science

271

197

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Antagonistic interactions are abundant in microbial communities and contribute not only to the composition and relative proportions of their members but also to the longer-term stability of a community. This Review will largely focus on bacterial antagonism mediated by ribosomally synthesized peptides and proteins produced by members of host-associated microbial communities. We discuss recent findings on their diversity, functions, and ecological impacts. These systems play key roles in ecosystem defense, pathogen invasion, spatial segregation, and diversity but also confer indirect gains to the aggressor from products released by killed cells. Investigations into antagonistic bacterial interactions are important for our understanding of how the microbiota establish within hosts, influence health and disease, and offer insights into potential translational applications.

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“…The increase in serum LPS content in the HFD+CSP group may be due to the transfer of harmful bacteria from the colon to the small intestine, resulting in the excessive proliferation of physical barrier cells in the small intestine and the absorption of LPS and chylomicrons (CMs) by the small intestinal epithelial cells [57,58]. In addition to the intestinal physical barrier, the intestinal tract also includes an immune barrier, a chemical barrier and a biological barrier, which are associated with the composition of microorganisms in the intestinal tract [59,60]. Damage to the biological barrier in the colon can also cause a bacterial product shift.…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

Polysaccharides isolated from Cordyceps Sinensis contribute to the progression of NASH by modifying the gut microbiota in mice fed a high-fat diet

et al. 2020

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Various dietary fibers are considered to prevent obesity by modulating the gut microbiota. Cordyceps sinensis polysaccharide (CSP) is a soluble dietary fiber known to have protective effects against obesity and related diseases, but whether these effects induce any side effects remains unknown. The function and safety of CSP were tested in high-fat diet (HFD)-feding C57BL/6J mice. The results revealed that even though CSP supplementation could prevent an increase in body weight, it aggravated liver fibrosis and steatosis as evidenced by increased inflammation, lipid metabolism markers, insulin resistance (IR) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in HFD-induced obesity. 16S rDNA gene sequencing was used to analyze the gut microbiota composition, and the relative abundance of the Actinobacteria phylum, including the Olsenella genus, was significantly higher in CSP-treated mice than in HFD-fed mice. CSP supplementation may increase the proportion of Actinobacteria, which can degrade CSP. The high level of Actinobacteria aggravated the disorder of the intestinal flora and contributed to the progression from obesity to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and related diseases.

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Biochemical Mechanisms of Pathogen Restriction by Intestinal Bacteria

Cited by 40 publications

References 126 publications

Dysbiosis of the Gut Microbiome in Lung Cancer

Dysbiosis of the Gut Microbiome in Lung Cancer

Bacterial antagonism in host-associated microbial communities

Polysaccharides isolated from Cordyceps Sinensis contribute to the progression of NASH by modifying the gut microbiota in mice fed a high-fat diet

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