Biochemical responses during recovery from maximal and submaximal swimming exercise

Goodman, Carmél; Rogers, G. G.; Vermaak, H.; Goodman, Muriel

doi:10.1007/bf02337191

Cited by 14 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Levels of endothelin-1 and plasma NOx were adjusted for changes in plasma volume from baseline. The estimated post-exercise concentration of markers due to plasma volume changes alone was estimated using the following equation:[ 23 ] where Hct represents hematocrit. The adjusted concentration was then calculated by subtracting the estimated concentration due to plasma volume changes from the pre-concentration; this difference was then added to the measured concentration within the plasma and is detailed in the following equation: …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of low and high-intensity cycling in diesel exhaust on flow-mediated dilation, circulating NOx, endothelin-1 and blood pressure

et al. 2018

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IntroductionExposure to air pollution impairs aspects of endothelial function such as flow-mediated dilation (FMD). Outdoor exercisers are frequently exposed to air pollution, but how exercising in air pollution affects endothelial function and how these effects are modified by exercise intensity are poorly understood.ObjectivesTherefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the effects of low-intensity and high-intensity cycling with diesel exhaust (DE) exposure on FMD, blood pressure, plasma nitrite and nitrate (NOx) and endothelin-1.MethodsEighteen males performed 30-minute trials of low or high-intensity cycling (30% and 60% of power at VO2peak) or a resting control condition. For each subject, each trial was performed once while breathing filtered air (FA) and once while breathing DE (300ug/m3 of PM2.5, six trials in total). Preceding exposure, immediately post-exposure, 1 hour and 2 hours post-exposure, FMD, blood pressure and plasma endothelin-1 and NOx concentrations were measured. Data were analyzed using repeated-measures ANOVA and linear mixed model.ResultsFollowing exercise in DE, plasma NOx significantly increased and was significantly greater than FA (p<0.05). Two hours following DE exposure, endothelin-1 was significantly less than FA (p = 0.037) but exercise intensity did not modify this response. DE exposure did not affect FMD or blood pressure.ConclusionOur results suggest that exercising in DE did not adversely affect plasma NOX, endothelin-1, FMD and blood pressure. Therefore, recommendations for healthy individuals to moderate or avoid exercise during bouts of high pollution appear to have no acute protective effect.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of low and high-intensity cycling in diesel exhaust on flow-mediated dilation, circulating NOx, endothelin-1 and blood pressure

et al. 2018

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“…Levels of norepinephrine were adjusted for changes in plasma volume from baseline. The estimated post-exercise concentration of markers due to plasma volume changes alone was estimated using the following equation [32]:where Hct represents hematocrit. The adjusted concentration was then calculated using the following equation:…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The pulmonary and autonomic effects of high-intensity and low-intensity exercise in diesel exhaust

2018

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BackgroundExposure to air pollution impairs aspects of pulmonary and autonomic function and causes pulmonary inflammation. However, how exercising in air pollution affects these indices is poorly understood. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the effects of low-intensity and high-intensity cycling with diesel exhaust (DE) exposure on pulmonary function, heart rate variability (HRV), fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO), norepinephrine and symptoms.MethodsEighteen males performed 30-min trials of low-intensity or high-intensity cycling (30 and 60% of power at VO2peak) or a resting control condition. For each subject, each trial was performed once breathing filtered air (FA) and once breathing DE (300μg/m3 of PM2.5, six trials in total). Pulmonary function, FeNO, HRV, norepinephrine and symptoms were measured prior to, immediately post, 1 h and 2 h post-exposure. Data were analyzed using repeated-measures ANOVA.ResultsThroat and chest symptoms were significantly greater immediately following DE exposure than following FA (p < 0.05). FeNO significantly increased 1 h following high-intensity exercise in DE (21.9 (2.4) vs. 19.3 (2.2) ppb) and FA (22.7 (1.7) vs. 19.9 (1.4)); however, there were no differences between the exposure conditions. All HRV indices significantly decreased following high-intensity exercise (p < 0.05) in DE and FA. The exception to this pattern was LF (nu) and LF/HF ratio, which significantly increased following high-intensity exercise (p < 0.05). Plasma norepinephrine (NE) significantly increased following high-intensity exercise in DE and FA, and this increase was greater than following rest and low-intensity exercise (p < 0.05). DE exposure did not modify any effects of exercise intensity on HRV or norepinephrine.ConclusionsHealthy individuals may not experience greater acute pulmonary and autonomic effects from exercising in DE compared to FA; therefore, it is unclear if such individuals will benefit from reducing vigorous activity on days with high concentrations on particulate matter.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12940-018-0434-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…'7 .991a) suggests that an increased intake of BCAA could suppress the increased rate of protein degradation that occurs during and after sustained intensive exercise, as well as protein synthesis in the muscle. It is this increased negative protein balance which many researchers (Goldberg and Chang, 1978 ;Goodman, 1985;Hodgson, 1989;Buse and Reid, 1975 ;Blomstrand et al 1991) have put forward as a theory of delayed muscle soreness due to muscle damage. It is evident however that further work needs to carried out at the cellular level to determine the exact mechanism or mechanisms that have affected the muscle damage indicators.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Branched Chain Amino Acid Supplementation on Indicators of Muscle Damage After Prolonged Strenuous Exercise

Coombes

McNaughton

1995

Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise

113

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Biochemical responses during recovery from maximal and submaximal swimming exercise

Cited by 14 publications

References 13 publications

The effect of low and high-intensity cycling in diesel exhaust on flow-mediated dilation, circulating NOx, endothelin-1 and blood pressure

The effect of low and high-intensity cycling in diesel exhaust on flow-mediated dilation, circulating NOx, endothelin-1 and blood pressure

The pulmonary and autonomic effects of high-intensity and low-intensity exercise in diesel exhaust

The Effects of Branched Chain Amino Acid Supplementation on Indicators of Muscle Damage After Prolonged Strenuous Exercise

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