Biochemical Responses of European Sea Bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.) to the Stress Induced by Off Shore Experimental Seismic Prospecting

The effect of exposure to seismic prospecting on coral reef fishes

“…These results do not rule out possible physiological effects (e.g. Santulli et al, 1999). Even though the noise levels in our experiments are comparable to those routinely used in shallow water near-shore prospecting sites, future studies using much higher levels such as those used in deep ocean prospecting would be particularly revealing.…”

“…Little is known about the acute effects of exposure to air guns on fish (Popper, 2003). Santulli et al (1999) found evidence of biochemical stress responses of the European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax; Linnaeus, 1758) after exposure to seismic prospecting, with stress hormones returning to normal levels within 72 h after exposure. However, a field study by McCauley et al (2003) showed that the ears of fish exposed to an operating air-gun sustained extensive damage to their sensory epithelia that was apparent as ablated hair cells, with no evidence of repair or replacement of the damaged sensory cells up to 58 days after air-gun exposure.…”

Physiological and agonistic behavioural response of Procambarus clarkii to an acoustic stimulus

“…In fish, Santulli et al (Santulli et al, 1999) reported that exposure to air gun blasts affected biochemical parameters (cortisol, glucose, lactate, AMP, ADP, ATP and cAMP) in sea bass, and Buscaino et al (Buscaino et al, 2010) showed that the exposure of sea bass and gilthead sea bream to a 0.1-1kHz linear sweep (150dB rms re.1μPa) caused a significant increase in motility that in turn influenced haematological parameters.…”

Mitigation provisions to be implemented for marine seismic surveying in Latin America: a review based on fish and cetaceans

“…Little sound would be deflected by the body of a fish; most would travel straight through it, due to the similarity in density of the fish's body and the water. Nevertheless, to escape the disturbance, teleost fish activate motor neurons (Smith et al 2003), curving their body in a 'C' shape away from the noise source (startle response; Pearson et al 1992, Santulli et al 1999, McCauley et al 2000, Wardle et al 2001, Hassel et al 2004, Boeger et al 2006. The effects of changes in pressure (barotrauma) must also be considered for animals that attempt to flee the source of noise (Carlson 2012).…”

“…As an example, European seabass exposed to playbacks of recordings of pile-driving and seismic surveys exhibited increased ventilation rates in relation to control individuals exposed to ambient-noise playback (Radford et al 2016). Meanwhile, adrenaline and cortisol rates (Sverdrup et al 1994, Santulli et al 1999, heat shock proteins, as well as immune responses have been used as indirect measures of physiological response; these responses may lead to an energy trade-off and thus influence survival and reproduction.…”