Biochemical study for gold and silver nanoparticles on thyroid hormone levels in saliva of patients with chronic renal failure

Abstract

KEYWORDSNoble metal nanoparticles were synthesized directly by pulsed laser ablation (Nd:YAG, λ=1064 nm) of gold and silver plates immersed in pure water. Concentrations of the nanoparticles were determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy measurement. Atomic force microscope and transmission electron microscope analysis were used to characterize the size and size distributions of the metals nanoparticles. The objective of this work is studying the effects of presence gold and silver nanoparticles on the levels of triiodothyronine hormone (T3) in saliva of patients with chronic renal failure their thyroid had disorder (hypothyroidism). Also the study characterized the binding between the antiT3antibody with its antigen i.e., T3 in saliva patients in the presence affixed size concentration of nanoparticles to improve and modify a competitive ELISA method. It is found that both gold and silver nanoparticles demonstrated activation effect on the binding between anti-T3 antibody and antigen (T3) in the saliva of patients and these effects increased with increasing the concentrations and size for both nanoparticles (gold was more activation effect than silver). Optimization of experimental conditions for the binding in the saliva were: 40 μL and 20 μL of saliva (T3) in presence both silver and gold nanoparticle, respectively, pH = 7.4 of 0.2 M phosphate buffer was selected as the detection solution, the temperature of incubation was 22 °C while the incubation time were 30 min, 90 min for silver and gold nanoparticles, respectively.

Synthesis and investigations on tellurium myconanoparticles

“…Tellurium is a semiconductor usually added to copper, tin, gold or silver to produce a certain desired electrical characteristics. Tellurium is used as a secondary vulcanizing agent for rubber, in alloying agents for copper and stainless steel to make them easier to machine and mill and in color glass and ceramics [ 21 ]. The relatively low melting points of tellurium (Te) nanosturctures, along with catalytic activity in hydration and oxidation reactions, high thermoelectric along with piezoelectric responses, photoconductivity and nonlinear optical responses have attracted wide attention [ [19] , [25] , [26] , [27] , [31] , [45] ].…”

Effects of Silver Nanoparticles on Thyroid Gland Structure and Function in Female Rats

“…On the other hand, the low concentration of AgNPs may be involved in the alteration of cellular signaling pathways [3,4]. The small particle size of AgNPs enables them to cross biomembranes and localize at any site within the target organs including the liver, spleen, lung, kidney, thyroid, brain, and gonads inducing toxicity [5,6]. The thyroid gland plays an important role in the regulation of several physiological functions such as metabolic processes, neuronal growth, bone remodeling, and cardiac functions [7,8].…”

Assessment of thyroid endocrine system impairment and oxidative stress mediated by cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4) nanoparticles in zebrafish larvae

“…Increased levels of T4 and T3 were also observed in Wistar rats with increased orally administered doses of Fe 2 O 3 NPs (150 μg kg −1 ). Bi 2 O 3 NPs also showed dysfunction of thyroid hormone by the increased level of T3 (Jassim et al, ). It is believed that NPs cause developmental alteration in pituitary axis and persuaded malfunctions of hypothalamus and thyroid (Vahid et al, ; Shirband et al, ).…”

“…Environmental contaminants may disturb the development and functioning of THs by conflicting with synthesis, secretion, transport, binding, action, or elimination (Zhai et al, ). There are very few studies focusing on the thyroid endocrine disruptions by the NPs (Jassim et al, ; Vahid et al, ; Shirband et al, ). The aim of this study was (i) to gain insights into endocrine disruptions in terms of thyroid hormone induced by the CoFe 2 O 4 NPs, (ii) alterations in biochemical processes in relation with THs disruptions, (iii) role of ROS in inducing genotoxicity.…”