Biocidal Activity of a Light-Absorbing Fluorescent Conjugated Polyelectrolyte

Lü, Lei; Rininsland, Frauke; Wittenburg, Shannon; Achyuthan, Komandoor E.; McBranch, D.; Whitten, David G.

doi:10.1021/la046987q

Cited by 135 publications

(180 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The structure showed multiple advantages, including ease of preparation, selective adhesion of the divalent vancomycin to bacterial surfaces, and the use of vancomycin as a fluorescent probe to monitor bacterial behavior. Whitten's group pioneered killing bacteria with cationic conjugated polymers, where cationic conjugated polymers could bind to the surface of bacteria and function as singlet oxygen photosensitizers to kill the bacteria [33]. In addition to direct sensitization of oxygen molecules by conjugated polymers, energy transfer from conjugated polymers to photosensitizers (e.g., porphyrin) was another efficient method to further improve singlet oxygen generation efficiency.…”

Section: Cpns Assisted Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly Luminescent Conjugated Polymer Nanoparticles for Imaging and Therapy

2013

Can Chem Trans

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Section: Cpns Assisted Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly Luminescent Conjugated Polymer Nanoparticles for Imaging and Therapy

2013

Can Chem Trans

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“…Conjugated polyelectrolytes (CPs) modified with light-absorbing fluorescent molecules can be effective sporicides when exposed to visible light due to the photosensitization effects of the polyelectrolyte that coats the spores (Lu et al 2005). In addition, CPs modified with light quenchers can serve as biosensors since the polymer anchored on the spore can exhibit excited-state superquenching.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensing and inactivation of Bacillus anthracis Sterne by polymer–bromine complexes

D’Angelo

Bromberg

Hatton

et al. 2016

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

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We report on the performance of brominated poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP-Br), brominated poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG-Br), and brominated poly(allylamine-co-4-aminopyridine) (PAAm-APy-Br) for their ability to decontaminate Bacillus anthracis Sterne spores in solution while also allowing for the sensing of the spores. The polymers were brominated by bromine using carbon tetrachloride or potassium tribromide as solvents, with bromine loadings ranging from 1.6 to 4.2 mEq/g of polymer. B. anthracis Sterne spores were exposed to increasing concentrations of brominated polymers for 5 min, while the kinetics of the sporicidal activity was assessed. All brominated polymers demonstrated spore log-kills of 8 within 5 min of exposure at 12 mg/mL aqueous polymer concentration. Sensing of spores was accomplished by measuring the release of dipicolinic acid (DPA) from the spore using time-resolved fluorescence. Parent, nonbrominated polymers did not cause any release of DPA and the spores remained viable. In contrast, spores exposed to the brominated polymers were inactivated and the release of DPA was observed within minutes of exposure. Also, this release of DPA continued for a long time after spore inactivation as in a controlled release process. The DPA release was more pronounced for spores exposed to brominated PVP and brominated PEG-8000 compared to brominated PAAm-APy and brominated PEG-400. Using time-resolved fluorescence, we detected as low as 2500 B. anthracis spores, with PEG-8000 being more sensitive to low spore numbers. Our results suggest that the brominated polymers may be used effectively as decontamination agents against bacterial spores while also providing the sensing capability.

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“…As a result, developing new classes of efficient antimicrobial agents has been the focus of significant research efforts during the last decade [4][5][6][7][8][9]. Since the discovery of the antimicrobial properties of poly(phenylene ethynylene) (PPE)-based cationic conjugated polyelectrolytes (CPEs) [10], a wide range of structurally similar polymeric CPEs and oligomeric OPEs (oligo-phenylene ethynylenes) have been synthesized [11][12][13][14][15][16]. These PPE-based CPE and OPE compounds are efficient broad-spectrum bactericides against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dark Antimicrobial Mechanisms of Cationic Phenylene Ethynylene Polymers and Oligomers against Escherichia coli

et al. 2011

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Abstract:The interactions of poly(phenylene ethynylene) (PPE)-based cationic conjugated polyelectrolytes (CPEs) and oligo-phenylene ethynylenes (OPEs) with E. coli cells are investigated to gain insights into the differences in the dark killing mechanisms between CPEs and OPEs. A laboratory strain of E. coli with antibiotic resistance is included in this work to study the influence of antibiotic resistance on the antimicrobial activity of the CPEs and OPEs. In agreement with our previous findings, these compounds can efficiently perturb the bacterial cell wall and cytoplasmic membrane, resulting in bacterial cell death. Electron microscopy imaging and cytoplasmic membrane permeability assays reveal that the oligomeric OPEs penetrate the bacterial outer membrane and interact efficiently with the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane. In contrast, the polymeric CPEs cause serious damage to the cell surface. In addition, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and hemolytic concentration (HC) of the CPEs and OPEs are also measured to compare their antimicrobial activities against two different strains of E. coli with the compounds' toxicity levels against human red blood cells (RBC). MIC and HC measurements are in good agreement with our OPEN ACCESSPolymers 2011, 3 1200 previous model membrane perturbation study, which reveals that the different membrane perturbation abilities of the CPEs and OPEs are in part responsible for their selectivity towards bacteria compared to mammalian cells. Our study gives insight to several structural features of the PPE-based CPEs and OPEs that modulate their antimicrobial properties and that these features can serve as a basis for further tuning their structures to optimize antimicrobial properties.

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Biocidal Activity of a Light-Absorbing Fluorescent Conjugated Polyelectrolyte

Cited by 135 publications

References 35 publications

Highly Luminescent Conjugated Polymer Nanoparticles for Imaging and Therapy

Highly Luminescent Conjugated Polymer Nanoparticles for Imaging and Therapy

Sensing and inactivation of Bacillus anthracis Sterne by polymer–bromine complexes

Dark Antimicrobial Mechanisms of Cationic Phenylene Ethynylene Polymers and Oligomers against Escherichia coli

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