Biocompatible and Antimicrobial Electrospun Membranes Based on Nanocomposites of Chitosan/Poly (Vinyl Alcohol)/Graphene Oxide

Marín, Julián Andrés Tamayo; Londoño, Sebastián Ruiz; Delgado, Johannes; Porras, Diana Paola Navia; Zapata, Mayra Eliana Valencia; Mina, José Santiago Arroyo; Llano, Carlos Humberto Valencia; Grande-Tovar, Carlos David

doi:10.3390/ijms20122987

Cited by 29 publications

(30 citation statements)

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“…The immune response of the composite films (F1-F4) was studied using Wistar rat subcutaneous tissue implantation, as previously reported [68,[102][103][104]. Composite films of 5 mm of diameter were implanted in subdermal position according to ISO 10993-6.…”

Section: In Vivo Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis, Characterization, and Histological Evaluation of Chitosan-Ruta Graveolens Essential Oil Films

et al. 2020

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The development of new biocompatible materials for application in the replacement of deteriorated tissues (due to accidents and diseases) has gained a lot of attention due to the high demand around the world. Tissue engineering offers multiple options from biocompatible materials with easy resorption. Chitosan (CS) is a biopolymer derived from chitin, the second most abundant polysaccharide in nature, which has been highly used for cell regeneration applications. In this work, CS films and Ruta graveolens essential oil (RGEO) were incorporated to obtain porous and resorbable materials, which did not generate allergic reactions. An oil-free formulation (F1: CS) and three different formulations containing R. graveolens essential oil were prepared (F2: CS-RGEO 0.5%; F3: CS+RGEO 1.0%; and F4: CS+RGEO 1.5%) to evaluate the effect of the RGEO incorporation in the mechanical and thermal stability of the films. Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analyses demonstrated the presence of RGEO. In contrast, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis showed that the crystalline structure and percentage of CS were slightly affected by the RGEO incorporation. Interesting saturation phenomena were observed for mechanical and water permeability tests when RGEO was incorporated at higher than 0.5% (v/v). The results of subdermal implantation after 30 days in Wistar rats showed that increasing the amount of RGEO resulted in greater resorption of the material, but also more significant inflammation of the tissue surrounding the materials. On the other hand, the thermal analysis showed that the RGEO incorporation almost did not affect thermal degradation. However, mechanical properties demonstrated an understandable loss of tensile strength and Young’s modulus for F3 and F4. However, given the volatility of the RGEO, it was possible to generate a slightly porous structure, as can be seen in the microstructure analysis of the surface and the cross-section of the films. The cytotoxicity analysis of the CS+RGEO compositions by the hemolysis technique agreed with in vivo results of the low toxicity observed. All these results demonstrate that films including crude essential oil have great application potential in the biomedical field.

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Section: In Vivo Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis, Characterization, and Histological Evaluation of Chitosan-Ruta Graveolens Essential Oil Films

et al. 2020

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“…Many studies addressed the physicochemical attributes of nanocomposite polymers thanks to their effectiveness in overcoming the disadvantages of naturally occurring polymers [63,64]. Our group investigated the use of nanocomposites based on graphene oxide and chitosan for applications in tissue engineering [65,66,67,68,69,70,71]. Even with the nanofillers, there is still a need to achieve better mechanical and thermal stability combined with higher biocompatibility in nanocomposites of chitosan and carbon nanomaterials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of Chitosan/Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) Nanocomposite Films Incorporated with Oxidized Carbon Nano-Onions (Multi-Layer Fullerenes) for Tissue-Engineering Applications

et al. 2019

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Recently, tissue engineering became a very important medical alternative in patients who need to regenerate damaged or lost tissues through the use of scaffolds that support cell adhesion and proliferation. Carbon nanomaterials (carbon nanotubes, fullerenes, multi-wall fullerenes, and graphene) became a very important alternative to reinforce the mechanical, thermal, and antimicrobial properties of several biopolymers. In this work, five different formulations of chitosan/poly(vinyl alcohol)/oxidized carbon nano-onions (CS/PVA/ox-CNO) were used to prepare biodegradable scaffolds with potential biomedical applications. Film characterization consisted of Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), tension strength, Young’s modulus, X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The degradation in a simulated body fluid (FBS) demonstrated that all the formulations lost between 75% and 80% of their weight after 15 days of treatment, but the degradation decreased with the ox-CNO content. In vivo tests after 90 days of subdermal implantation of the nanocomposite films in Wistar rats’ tissue demonstrated good biocompatibility without allergenic reactions or pus formation. There was a good correlation between FBS hydrolytic degradation and degradation in vivo for all the samples, since the ox-CNO content increased the stability of the material. All these results indicate the potential of the CS/PVA/ox-CNO nanocomposite films in tissue engineering, especially for long-term applications.

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“…These by-products usually are present in the extracellular matrix of humans tissues, which are not dangerous for human health [80]. Degradation is possible since a biological pH media (between 6 and 8) supports several cell enzymatic reactions [56,59,81]. Very importantly, the final pH after degradation for all the nanocomposites was within the permissible range in the human body to promote the life and maintenance of vital functions.…”

Section: Water Absorptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The biocompatibility in vivo of the nanocomposite films (F1-F5) was studied using Wistar rat subdermal tissue implantation [56,58,59]. Nanocomposite films of 5 mm of width and 10 mm of length were implanted in subdermal position according to ISO 10993-6.…”

Section: Biomodel In Vivo Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is a report in demand for the treatment of cancer [52] and the promotion of cell adhesion and proliferation through scaffolds in animal tissues without immune responses [53]. We previously reported nanocomposites of graphene oxide and chitosan with excellent compatibility and thermal improvement [54][55][56][57][58][59][60]. The synthesis of nanocomposites of chitosan/poly (vinyl alcohol)/oxidized carbon nano-onions (CNO/PVA/ox-CNO) was assessed and applied in Wistar rats' subdermal tissues during 90 days, observing proper resorption with no immune response [61].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nanocomposite Films of Chitosan-Grafted Carbon Nano-Onions for Biomedical Applications

et al. 2020

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The design of scaffolding from biocompatible and resistant materials such as carbon nanomaterials and biopolymers has become very important, given the high rate of injured patients. Graphene and carbon nanotubes, for example, have been used to improve the physical, mechanical, and biological properties of different materials and devices. In this work, we report the grafting of carbon nano-onions with chitosan (CS-g-CNO) through an amide-type bond. These compounds were blended with chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol composites to produce films for subdermal implantation in Wistar rats. Films with physical mixture between chitosan, polyvinyl alcohol, and carbon nano-onions were also prepared for comparison purposes. Film characterization was performed with Fourier Transformation Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Tensile strength, X-ray Diffraction Spectroscopy (XRD), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The degradation of films into simulated body fluid (SBF) showed losses between 14% and 16% of the initial weight after 25 days of treatment. Still, a faster degradation (weight loss and pH changes) was obtained with composites of CS-g-CNO due to a higher SBF interaction by hydrogen bonding. On the other hand, in vivo evaluation of nanocomposites during 30 days in Wistar rats, subdermal tissue demonstrated normal resorption of the materials with lower inflammation processes as compared with the physical blends of ox-CNO formulations. SBF hydrolytic results agreed with the in vivo degradation for all samples, demonstrating that with a higher ox-CNO content increased the stability of the material and decreased its degradation capacity; however, we observed greater reabsorption with the formulations including CS-g-CNO. With this research, we demonstrated the future impact of CS/PVA/CS-g-CNO nanocomposite films for biomedical applications.

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Biocompatible and Antimicrobial Electrospun Membranes Based on Nanocomposites of Chitosan/Poly (Vinyl Alcohol)/Graphene Oxide

Cited by 29 publications

References 50 publications

Synthesis, Characterization, and Histological Evaluation of Chitosan-Ruta Graveolens Essential Oil Films

Synthesis, Characterization, and Histological Evaluation of Chitosan-Ruta Graveolens Essential Oil Films

Preparation of Chitosan/Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) Nanocomposite Films Incorporated with Oxidized Carbon Nano-Onions (Multi-Layer Fullerenes) for Tissue-Engineering Applications

Nanocomposite Films of Chitosan-Grafted Carbon Nano-Onions for Biomedical Applications

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