Biocompatible miniature temperature sensor based on whispering gallery modes of Sm3+ activated ZnO optical micro-resonators

Fabitha, K.; Rao, M. S. Ramachandra

doi:10.1063/5.0045298

Cited by 13 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…The main fabrication approaches typically involve the melting of glass materials or the sol-gel process [26]. Other methods to produce crystalline spheres of different sizes (from nano to some millimeters) have been reported and include laser ablation [25,[28][29][30], spray pyrolysis [31,32], microfluidic synthesis strategies [33], hydrolysis-precipitation methods [34], hydrothermal [35], and even other laser sintering approaches [36].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Red-Emitting Cr3+ on α-Al2O3:Cr Spheres Obtained in Seconds Using Laser Processing

Rodrigues,

Carvalho,

Zanoni

et al. 2024

Applied Sciences

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Cr-doped Al2O3 spheres with strong red emission were produced using a simple laser processing approach with a 50 W continuous CO2 laser. Structural characterization revealed that the produced spheres were monophasic, comprising the α-Al2O3 phase. Photoluminescence (PL) studies indicated that the observed red emission originates from multiple Cr3+ optical centers being dominated by the 2E → 4A2 transition (R-lines), with a further contribution from the parity and spin forbidden 2T1 → 4A2 transition (R′-lines). The identification of additional radiative recombination from chromium ion pairs (N-lines) evidences that the produced samples are heavily doped. As such, energy transfer processes between the different chromium optical centers are seen to take place, as suggested by the lifetime decay analysis. PL excitation revealed that the room temperature luminescence is preferentially populated via the spin-allowed 4A2 → 4T2,4T1 transitions and by the parity and spin-forbidden 4A2 → 2T2 (B-lines), 2T1 (R′-lines), 2E (R-lines). Such results demonstrate that the present synthesis method is able to deliver high-optical-quality Al2O3:Cr crystals in a fast and simple way, with potential interest for optical, sensing, or lasing applications.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Red-Emitting Cr3+ on α-Al2O3:Cr Spheres Obtained in Seconds Using Laser Processing

Rodrigues,

Carvalho,

Zanoni

et al. 2024

Applied Sciences

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“…From this point of view, other interesting WGM structures are isometric (quasi-isometric), symmetrical ZnO microcrystals. Such microcrystals include, in particular, crystals in the form of spheres/spheroids and polyhedral microcrystals [11][12][13][14][15]. Among the advantages of such microcrystals, one can note the convenience of arrangement of such objects on a substrate due to their spatial symmetry, the convenience of manufacturing electrical contacts, and their mechanical strength compared with elongated micro-/nanocrystals, e.g., whisker-or rod-like crystals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Growth Mechanism, Luminescence, and Lasing of Polyhedral ZnO Microcrystals with Whispering-Gallery Modes

Zadorozhnaya,

Tarasov,

Kanevsky

2023

Photonics

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This work studies the features of the formation of isometric polyhedral ZnO microcrystals that provide stimulated emission and whispering-gallery-mode (WGM) lasing in the near-UV range. For this purpose, the growth stages of such crystals in the process of gas-transport synthesis and the luminescent properties of the structures obtained at each stage were investigated. It was shown that the growth of laser microcrystals begins with the formation of microspheroids with thin ZnO shells. Such spheroids exhibit mainly white luminescence with a small contribution of near-UV emission. Increasing the synthesis duration results in thickening and faceting of the spheroid shells, as well as a decrease in the contribution of the yellow–red component to the luminescence spectrum. At the same time, ZnO microcrystallites nucleate and grow inside the spheroids, using as a material the remains of a liquid zinc drop and oxygen entering the spheroids through their shells. Such growth conditions allow them to take on an equilibrium polyhedral shape. Eventually, upon destruction of the spheroid shell, a polyhedral ZnO microcrystal supporting WGMs is observed.

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“…Research in [37] presents a numerical investigation of temperature sensors based on a compact design, working on the principle of tuning Fano-resonances with temperature-sensitive PDMS in a semi-square ring resonator. Thermal sensing using optical micro-resonators has been proposed in [38][39][40]. Moreover, optical temperature-sensor design using a silica-etched planner waveguide based on Bragg gratings has also been demonstrated [41].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal Sensor Based on Polydimethylsiloxane Polymer Deposited on Low-Index-Contrast Dielectric Photonic Crystal Structure

et al. 2022

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In this work, a dielectric photonic crystal-based thermal sensor is numerically investigated for the near-infrared spectral range. An easy-to-fabricate design is chosen with a waveguide layer deposited on a silicon dioxide substrate with air holes drilled across it. To sense the ambient temperature, a functional layer of polydimethylsiloxane biguanide polymer is deposited on the top, the optical properties of which vary with changes in the temperature. An open-source finite-difference time-domain-based software, MEEP, is used for design and numerical simulation. The design of the sensor, spectral properties, and proposed fabrication method are part of the discussion. The performance of the sensor is investigated for an ambient temperature range of 10 to 90 °C, for which the device offers a sensitivity value in the range of 0.109 nm/°C and a figure-of-merit of 0.045 °C−1. Keeping in mind the high-temperature tolerance, inert chemical properties, low material cost, and easy integration with optical fiber, the device can be proposed for a wide range of thermal sensing applications.

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Biocompatible miniature temperature sensor based on whispering gallery modes of Sm3+ activated ZnO optical micro-resonators

Cited by 13 publications

References 50 publications

Red-Emitting Cr3+ on α-Al2O3:Cr Spheres Obtained in Seconds Using Laser Processing

Red-Emitting Cr3+ on α-Al2O3:Cr Spheres Obtained in Seconds Using Laser Processing

The Growth Mechanism, Luminescence, and Lasing of Polyhedral ZnO Microcrystals with Whispering-Gallery Modes

Thermal Sensor Based on Polydimethylsiloxane Polymer Deposited on Low-Index-Contrast Dielectric Photonic Crystal Structure

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