Biodegradability of <sup>14</sup>C-labelled ethoxylated fatty alcohols

Neufahrt, A; Lötzsch, K.; Gantz, Donald

doi:10.1515/tsd-1982-190504

Cited by 8 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The question of their biodegradability and ultimately their environmental fate constitutes the decisive criterion in their environmental compatibility assessment. However, experimental results from many biodegradation studies 5 suggest that these surfactants ultimately degrade in the environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetics and Mechanism for the Sonochemical Degradation of a Nonionic Surfactant

2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The sonolytic degradation of the nonionic surfactant, octaethylene glycol monododecyl ether (C(12)E(8)), has been studied at various initial concentrations below and above its critical micelle concentration (CMC). It has been observed that the degradation rate increases with an increase in the initial concentration of the surfactant until the CMC is reached. Above the CMC an almost constant degradation rate is observed, suggesting that the surfactant in its monomer form is involved in the degradation process. The degradation process of C(12)E(8) involves two distinct primary processes occurring at the bubble/solution interface: (a) hydroxylation/oxidation of the surfactant and (b) pyrolytic fragmentation of the surfactant. The oxidative cleavage of ethylene oxide units provides evidence for OH radical attack. Hydroxylation of the ethoxy chain gives rise to various short-chain carboxyalkyl-polyethylene glycol intermediates. The polyethylene glycol chain formed, due to the scission of the C(12)E(8) molecule, undergoes rapid hydroxylation/oxidation to yield simple compounds that have the potential to undergo further degradation. The detection of multiple intermediates indicates that several processes affect the complete degradation pathways of the surfactant molecule. TOC analysis, however, indicates that the sonolytic mineralization of the surfactant is difficult to achieve at reasonable rates due to the relatively low surface activity of the degradation products formed during sonolysis.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetics and Mechanism for the Sonochemical Degradation of a Nonionic Surfactant

2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Behavior of aliphatic alcohol polyethoxylates and their metabolites under standardized aerobic biodegradation conditions

Marcomini

Zanette

Pojana

et al. 2000

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Aerobic biodegradation of aliphatic alcohol polyethoxylates (AEs) was tested under screening test conditions (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development [OECD] 301E protocol) using recently developed analytic methodologies for the specific determination of AEs and their neutral (polyethylene glycols [PEGs]) and carboxylic (carboxylated PEGs and AEs) aerobic metabolites. Biodegradation screening tests were performed under the same conditions on three typical, commercial AE blends and an individual, linear AE ethoxymer. The linear and monobranched AEs underwent a fast primary biodegradation, whereas the multibranched AEs underwent a slower biodegradation. Based on the formation and oligomeric distribution of PEGs and the lack of detection of other biointermediates before the formation of PEGs, the central cleavage of the AE molecule appeared to be the mechanism for primary biodegradation of the linear and monobranched AEs in the tested commercial blends. As a result, the shorter AE ethoxymers biodegraded faster than the longer ones. No PEGs were detected during biodegradation of the multibranched AEs. In addition, PEGs biodegraded more slowly than the parent AEs and were removed by hydrolysis, thus leading to shorter PEG oligomers, and by oxidative hydrolysis, thus forming carboxylated PEGs.

show abstract

Abbauverhalten und Verbleib von Fettalkoholoxethylaten in der Umwelt-Untersuchungen mit14C-markierten Modelltensiden

Steber

Wierich

1984

Fette, Seifen, Anstrichm.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Untersuchungen mit 14C-markierten Modelltensiden * fin J. S t e b e r undl? W i e r i c h *+ AW den Labmatmien fir Okologie der Henkel KGaA, DiisseldofAm Beispiel von 14C-Stearylalkoholoxethylat (7 EO), das entweder im Alkyl-oder EO-Teil radiomarkiert war, wurde der biologische Abbau von Waschmittel-relevanten Fettalkohol + EO-Addukten unter kontinuierlichen Kltiradagensimulationsbedingungen (3 h Aufenthaltsdauer) untersucht . Anhand der ''C-Markierungsverteilung in C Q , Anlagenablauf und Belebtschlamm sowie nach Analyse der im Ablauf und Schlamm befindlichen radiomarkierten Verbindungen lieD sich fur das Modelltensid ein Endabbaugrad von mindestens 70% ableiten. Fur den in der Praxis nur kleinen Rest an nicht oder unvollstiindig abgebauten Fettalkoholoxethylaten ergaben sich keine Hinweise auf das Vorliegen abbauproblematischer Verbindungen. Die aus den Modellversuchen sich ergebenden SchluDfolgerungen zum biologischen Abbaumechanismus sowie zur Umweltvertriiglichkeitsbewertung von Fettalkoholoxethylaten werden diskutiert.

show abstract

Biodegradability of ¹⁴C-labelled ethoxylated fatty alcohols

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Kinetics and Mechanism for the Sonochemical Degradation of a Nonionic Surfactant

Kinetics and Mechanism for the Sonochemical Degradation of a Nonionic Surfactant

Behavior of aliphatic alcohol polyethoxylates and their metabolites under standardized aerobic biodegradation conditions

Abbauverhalten und Verbleib von Fettalkoholoxethylaten in der Umwelt-Untersuchungen mit14C-markierten Modelltensiden

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Biodegradability of 14C-labelled ethoxylated fatty alcohols

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Kinetics and Mechanism for the Sonochemical Degradation of a Nonionic Surfactant

Kinetics and Mechanism for the Sonochemical Degradation of a Nonionic Surfactant

Behavior of aliphatic alcohol polyethoxylates and their metabolites under standardized aerobic biodegradation conditions

Abbauverhalten und Verbleib von Fettalkoholoxethylaten in der Umwelt-Untersuchungen mit14C-markierten Modelltensiden

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Biodegradability of ¹⁴C-labelled ethoxylated fatty alcohols