Biodegradability studies of lignocellulosic fiber reinforced composites

Silva, Alan Miguel Brum da; Martins, Andréa Bercini; Santana, Ruth Marlene Campomanes

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-821090-1.00006-5

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…In addition, the bran grains swelling due to water absorption facilitate the penetration of microorganisms accelerating the degradation of WB. Thus, after the biological decomposition of the filler, the surface of active interaction of water and microorganisms on PBS macromolecules increases [4,[142][143][144]. The significant increase in biodegradation kinetics of PBS in compost with increasing lignocellulosic filler content is a typical result also obtained by other authors [52,94,111,144].…”

Section: Biodegradation In Compostsupporting

confidence: 67%

Artificial Ageing, Chemical Resistance, and Biodegradation of Biocomposites from Poly(Butylene Succinate) and Wheat Bran

2021

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The results of comprehensive studies on accelerated (artificial) ageing and biodegradation of polymer biocomposites on PBS matrix filled with raw wheat bran (WB) are presented in this paper. These polymer biocomposites are intended for the manufacture of goods, in particular disposable packaging and disposable utensils, which decompose naturally under the influence of biological agents. The effects of wheat bran content within the range of 10–50 wt.% and extruder screw speed of 50–200 min−1 during the production of biocomposite pellets on the resistance of the products to physical, chemical, and biological factors were evaluated. The research included the determination of the effect of artificial ageing on the changes of structural and thermal properties by infrared spectra (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and thermogravimetric analysis (TG). They showed structural changes—disruption of chains within the ester bond, which occurred in the composition with 50% bran content as early as after 250 h of accelerated ageing. An increase in the degree of crystallinity with ageing was also found to be as high as 48% in the composition with 10% bran content. The temperature taken at the beginning of weight loss of the compositions studied was also lowered, even by 30 °C at the highest bran content. The changes of mechanical properties of biocomposite samples were also investigated. These include: hardness, surface roughness, transverse shrinkage, weight loss, and optical properties: colour and gloss. The ageing hardness of the biocomposite increased by up to 12%, and the surface roughness (Ra) increased by as much as 2.4 µm at the highest bran content. It was also found that ageing causes significant colour changes of the biocomposition (ΔE = 7.8 already at 10% bran content), and that the ageing-induced weight loss of the biocomposition of 0.31–0.59% is lower than that of the samples produced from PBS alone (1.06%). On the other hand, the transverse shrinkage of moldings as a result of ageing turned out to be relatively small, at 0.05%–0.35%. The chemical resistance of biocomposites to NaOH and HCl as well as absorption of polar and non-polar liquids (oil and water) were also determined. Biodegradation studies were carried out under controlled conditions in compost and weight loss of the tested compositions was determined. The weight of samples made from PBS alone after 70 days of composting decreased only by 4.5%, while the biocomposition with 10% bran content decreased by 15.1%, and with 50% bran, by as much as 68.3%. The measurements carried out showed a significant influence of the content of the applied lignocellulosic fillers (LCF) in the form of raw wheat bran (WB) on the examined properties of the biocompositions and the course of their artificial ageing and biodegradation. Within the range under study, the screw speed of the extruder during the production of biocomposite pellets did not show any significant influence on most of the studied properties of the injection mouldings produced from it.

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Section: Biodegradation In Compostsupporting

confidence: 67%

Artificial Ageing, Chemical Resistance, and Biodegradation of Biocomposites from Poly(Butylene Succinate) and Wheat Bran

2021

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Section: Biodegradation In Compostmentioning

confidence: 68%

Modification and Processing of Biodegradable Polymers

2023

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“…Moreover, extruded EAP pomace may also contain trace amounts of starch, which further intensifies the entire process [ 66 ]. Another reason is the hydrophilic nature of lignocellulosic components, which are also found in EAP [ 67 ]. For comparison, biocomposites made from pomace such as residues from the processing of carrots, oranges, or spinach, at maximum air saturation with water vapor RH 100%, absorbed up to 40–60% of moisture from the air [ 68 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Properties of Biocomposites Made of Extruded Apple Pomace and Potato Starch: Mechanical and Physicochemical Properties

Ekielski,

Żelaziński,

Kulig

et al. 2024

Materials

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This paper presents research results on biocomposites made from a combination of extruded apple pomace (EAP) and potato starch (SP). The aim of this work was to investigate the basic properties of biocomposites obtained from extruded apple pomace reinforced with potato starch. The products were manufactured by hot pressing using a hydraulic press with a mould for producing samples. The prepared biocomposites were subjected to strength tests, surface wettability was determined, and a colour analysis was carried out. A thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and cross-sectioning observed in a scanning electron microscope (SEM) were also performed. The obtained test results showed that the combination of apple pomace (EAP) and starch (SP) enabled the production of compact biocomposite materials. At the same time, it was found that each increase in the share of starch in the mixture for producing biocomposites increased the strength parameters of the obtained materials. With the highest share of starch in the mixture, 40%, and a raw material moisture content of 14%, the material had the best strength parameters and was even characterised by hydrophobic properties. It was also found that materials with a high content of starch are characterised by increased temperature resistance. The analysis of SEM microscopic photos showed well-glued particles of apple pomace, pectin, and gelatinised starch and a smooth external structure of the samples. Research and analyses have shown that apple pomace reinforced only with the addition of starch can be a promising raw material for the production of simple, biodegradable biocomposite materials.

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Biodegradability studies of lignocellulosic fiber reinforced composites

Cited by 6 publications

References 62 publications

Artificial Ageing, Chemical Resistance, and Biodegradation of Biocomposites from Poly(Butylene Succinate) and Wheat Bran

Artificial Ageing, Chemical Resistance, and Biodegradation of Biocomposites from Poly(Butylene Succinate) and Wheat Bran

Modification and Processing of Biodegradable Polymers

Properties of Biocomposites Made of Extruded Apple Pomace and Potato Starch: Mechanical and Physicochemical Properties

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