Biodegradable organic matter and rapid-rate biofilter performance: A review

Terry, Leigh G.; Summers, R. Scott

doi:10.1016/j.watres.2017.09.048

Cited by 126 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Samples at disinfection showed the lowest BDOC fraction value because it had the lowest DOC content; therefore the change in DOC was minimal compared to other treatment stages. This result is contrary to previous studies which reported an increase in the BDOC fraction at the disinfection stage (Terry and Summers, 2018). Overall, the quantity of the BDOC fraction upon disinfection depends on the quantity and quality of NOM, chlorine dosage, and contact time (Dong et al, 2014).…”

Section: The Dynamics Of Biodegradable Dissolved Organic Carbon Alongcontrasting

confidence: 71%

“…From Day 3 to Day 4 there was a spike in TPL (26%) and TYL (20%) with a corresponding 40% rise in DOC. This is the point of cell death where the bacteria had outgrown the available nutrients (Terry and Summers, 2018). The rise in DOC was thus attributed to dead bacteria plus the non-fluorescent and/or nonbiodegradable organic matter (Terry and Summers, 2018).…”

Section: The Dynamics Of Biodegradable Dissolved Organic Carbon Alongmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigating the fate of natural organic matter at a drinking water treatment plant in South Africa using optical spectroscopy and chemometric analysis

Moyo

Chaukura

Motsa

et al. 2020

WSA

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The removal dynamics of biodegradable dissolved organic carbon (BDOC) and natural organic matter (NOM) polarity fractions at a water treatment plant (WTP) in South Africa was studied using UV-Vis absorbance, fluorescence excitation-emission matrix, and two-dimensional synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy (SFS). This study gave insights into the transformation of NOM due to treatment processes. The objectives of the study were: (i) to use chemometric analysis and two-dimensional SFS correlations to investigate the evolution of NOM arising from treatment processes, and (ii) to access the chemical profile dynamics of polarity and BDOC fractions throughout the treatment train. The UV254 absorbance, which indicates aromaticity, reduced by 45% along the WTP. Gaussian fitting of UV-Vis data showed a decreasing trend in intensity and number of bands along the treatment process. The removal efficiency of NOM components followed the order: humic-like (HL) > tyrosine-like (TYL) > fulvic-like (FL) > tryptophan-like (TPL) > microbial-like (MBL). At the source, the relative distribution of the hydrophobic (HPO), hydrophilic (HPI), and transphilic (TPI) fractions was 45%, 31%, and 24%, respectively. The HPI was recalcitrant to treatment, and the TYL component of the HPI fraction was conjectured to be a disinfection byproduct limiting reagent. The HL and FL components of the BDOC fraction were the major substrates for bacterial growth. According to two-dimensional-SFS correlation, TYL, TPL, and MBL varied concurrently across the treatment stages. Used for the first time in South Africa, the robustness of a multi-dimensional approach of optical methods coupled with chemometric tools for the assessment of the fate of NOM along the treatment processes was revealed by this study.

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Section: The Dynamics Of Biodegradable Dissolved Organic Carbon Alongcontrasting

confidence: 71%

Section: The Dynamics Of Biodegradable Dissolved Organic Carbon Alongmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the fate of natural organic matter at a drinking water treatment plant in South Africa using optical spectroscopy and chemometric analysis

Moyo

Chaukura

Motsa

et al. 2020

WSA

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“…Studies on the biological activity of carbon bed samples were presented, among others, in the thesis [28,[46][47][48]. Literature data show that the biomass concentration demonstrates vertical stratification and decreases with the depth of the bed, however [45,47,[49][50][51][52], this is not the rule [53]. Differences in the composition and concentration of biomass depend on the availability of nutrients and the concentration of dissolved oxygen [54].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biostability of Tap Water—A Qualitative Analysis of Health Risk in the Example of Groundwater Treatment (Semi-Technical Scale)

Domoń

Papciak

Tchórzewska-Cieślak

et al. 2018

Water

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This article presents results of research which aimed to assess the impact of biofiltration processing on the biological stability of water. Effectiveness of biogenic substances removal (C, N, P) and bacteriological quality of water after the biofiltration process were discussed. The research was carried out on a semi-technical scale on natural underground water rich in organic compounds. A filter with a biologically active carbon (BAC) bed was used for the research. Despite the low water temperature of between 9–12 °C, there was a high efficiency of organic matter removal—33–70%. The number of mesophilic and psychrophilic bacteria in the water before and after the biofiltration process was comparable (0–23 CFU/mL) and met the requirements for drinking water. No E. coli was detected in the water samples. The biological material washed out of the filter bed did not cause deterioration of water quality which proved that the operating parameters of the biofilters were properly chosen, i.e., contact time of 30 min, filtration speed up to 3 m/h. Reduction of the content of nutrients in the treated water limits the risk of microbial growth and thus the emergence of biological growth in the distribution system.

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“…For these reasons, NOM should be removed from drinking water. According to the European Union Council Directive 98/83/EC and the Lithuanian hygiene norm HN24:2017 "Drinking Water Safety and Quality Requirements", the total amount of organic matter (the permanganate index (PI) determines the amount of organic matter) should not exceed 5.0 mgO 2 /L.The most common technologies used for NOM removal are coagulation [11][12][13], coagulation and hallow-fibre nanofiltration [14], nanofiltration [15], biofiltration [3,4,16], ion exchange [17,18], various oxidation processes [19], carbon nanotubes [20], and adsorption by granulated active carbon [21,22].Coagulation is the most common method for NOM removal. Iron and aluminium salts are used in large amounts, and play an essential role in the production of drinking water and the removal of NOM, colour, and turbidity.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most common technologies used for NOM removal are coagulation [11][12][13], coagulation and hallow-fibre nanofiltration [14], nanofiltration [15], biofiltration [3,4,16], ion exchange [17,18], various oxidation processes [19], carbon nanotubes [20], and adsorption by granulated active carbon [21,22].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable Reuse of Groundwater Treatment Iron Sludge for Organic Matter Removal from River Neris Water

Albrektienė

Karaliūnas²,

Bazienė

2019

Sustainability

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The most important advances in sustainability in the water industry are focused on the reuse of water treatment sludge. The Antaviliai Water Supply Plant, which is located in Lithuania, treats groundwater by removing iron and manganese from it. This technology does not produce water waste, as the iron sludge is used for recycling. In this study, iron sludge received from groundwater treatment is used to remove natural organic matter from river Neris water, which can be used as drinking water. Twelve doses (from 1 to 6 g/L and from 0.1 g/L to 0.9 g/L) of iron sludge powder, with acid and without it, were used. The most effective removal of organic compounds (55.51%) and reduction in water colour (53.12%) were observed when 0.3 g of iron sludge powder and 8 ml of 0.95% H 2 SO 4 solution were added to the tested water. It was found that the use of a conventional coagulant (Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 *17H 2 O), with and without iron sludge powder, decreased the concentration of organic compounds and water colour from 2.8 to 28.2% compared with the use of a pure coagulant (Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 *17H 2 O) alone.Sustainability 2019, 11, 639 2 of 15 with granular activated carbon and membrane filtration [8], has an influence on pipeline corrosion [9], and has an influence on bacterial regrowth in distribution systems [10]. For these reasons, NOM should be removed from drinking water. According to the European Union Council Directive 98/83/EC and the Lithuanian hygiene norm HN24:2017 "Drinking Water Safety and Quality Requirements", the total amount of organic matter (the permanganate index (PI) determines the amount of organic matter) should not exceed 5.0 mgO 2 /L.The most common technologies used for NOM removal are coagulation [11][12][13], coagulation and hallow-fibre nanofiltration [14], nanofiltration [15], biofiltration [3,4,16], ion exchange [17,18], various oxidation processes [19], carbon nanotubes [20], and adsorption by granulated active carbon [21,22].Coagulation is the most common method for NOM removal. Iron and aluminium salts are used in large amounts, and play an essential role in the production of drinking water and the removal of NOM, colour, and turbidity. A large amount of iron-rich drinking water treatment sludge is produced during coagulation. That sludge requires handling and ultimate disposal through, e.g., landfill [23]. The term "water treatment sludge" (further referred to as the WTS) covers all wastes produced during the treatment of water in the WTS, and the properties of the WTS depend typically on the quality of the raw water and the applied treatment method [24]. The most important advances in sustainability in the water industry are focused on minimizing energy usage and reusing wastewater sludge. The conventional coagulant treatment has a considerable impact on the improvement of sustainability through coagulant recovery, which enables the atoms of coagulant metals to be repeatedly recycled and reused [25]. Different techniques have been adopted to recover iron or aluminium salts from the precipitate: ac...

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Biodegradable organic matter and rapid-rate biofilter performance: A review

Cited by 126 publications

References 39 publications

Investigating the fate of natural organic matter at a drinking water treatment plant in South Africa using optical spectroscopy and chemometric analysis

Investigating the fate of natural organic matter at a drinking water treatment plant in South Africa using optical spectroscopy and chemometric analysis

Biostability of Tap Water—A Qualitative Analysis of Health Risk in the Example of Groundwater Treatment (Semi-Technical Scale)

Sustainable Reuse of Groundwater Treatment Iron Sludge for Organic Matter Removal from River Neris Water

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