Biodegradation and Recycling of Urban Solid Waste

Gautam, Shweta; Bundela, P. S.; Pandey, Anita; Jain, Ravindra Kumar; Deo, P.R.; Khare, Sunil Kumar; Awasthi, M. K.; Sarsaiya, Surendra

doi:10.3844/ajessp.2009.653.656

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The ratios are typical for waste deposits containing ash residues (Meuser, 2010). Other examples of solid waste investigations even resulted in C/N ratios up to 950 (Gautam et al, 2009). In fact, it is visually difficult to distinguish ashes from fine earth.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Physical Composition, Nutrients and Contaminants of Typical Waste Dumping Sites

Meuser¹,

Grewal²,

Anlauf³

et al. 2011

American Journal of Environmental Sciences

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Problem statement: The composition of wastes is quite variable depending upon the generating source and mode of collection. Most of the material from the domestic activities will be organic in nature and contains essential plant nutrients, whereas the dumping material of commercial and industrial wastes usually contains appreciable amounts of heavy and potentially toxic metals and organic pollutants. Approach: Objective of the present study was to characterize the physico-chemical properties of the waste material and the distribution and extent of toxic pollutants in three selected typical dumping sites in the state of Haryana, India. Results: 62-65% of the waste fine material consisted of mineral particles and biodegradable organic waste, 20-25% consisted of construction and demolition waste and the remaining 10-15% were other materials such as study, plastic, metals, glass and timber, with an amount of polyethene of 3.4-5.7%. The ratio of the plant available concentrations of P, K and S and their total amounts were 3-7% for P and 1-4% for S, whereas the macronutrient potassium reached values of 29-39%. Metals As, Ba, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn were present in all samples (total concentration in aqua regia extract). As, Ba, Ni and Pb did not show clear differences between the three investigates sites. Cd, Cr and Zn concentrations were high but different at the different sites (Cu maximum: 1,964 mg kg⁻¹, Zn maximum: 2,200 mg kg⁻¹). The mobility of the metals was calculated as the ratio of DTPA/aqua regia extraction. Cd showed the highest ratio (18-22%), while the other calculated metals showed much lower ratios (Cu 6.7, Pb 7.9 Ni 2.1, Zn 3.6 and Cr 0.5%). In general, PAH and benzo(a)pyrene concentrations fell below the detection limit. Also the phenol index did not exceed the detection limit of 1.2 mg kg⁻¹ (with two exceptions). In 14 out of 36 samples a GC-MS screening was conducted in order to get an overview of the organic pollutants usually present in the dumpsites. In all cases there was no relevant amount of organic pollutants that would be capable of measurement. Conclusion: The dumping sites are plant nutrient deposits, particularly for K, which could be used in future in a line with ideas of urban mining. The use of the waste material for fertilizing purposes may be restricted due to the metal contaminant concentrations. The analyzed organic pollutants did not indicate problematical concentrations

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Physical Composition, Nutrients and Contaminants of Typical Waste Dumping Sites

Meuser¹,

Grewal²,

Anlauf³

et al. 2011

American Journal of Environmental Sciences

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“…Due to this practice waste continues to be one of the biggest public health, environmental, and land-use challenges for urban cities in India (Planning Commission, 2011). Rapid urbanization and population growth are largely responsible for the very rapidly increasing rate of MSW in urban areas, its proper management and recycling is a major problem for urban local bodies (Gautam et al, 2009). Rapid urbanization and population growth are largely responsible for the very rapidly increasing rate of MSW in urban areas, its proper management and recycling is a major problem for urban local bodies (Gautam et al, 2009).…”

Section: Msw Management Scenario In Indiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Almost all cities have adopted open dumping for MSW disposal (TERI, 2010). Rapid urbanization and population growth are largely responsible for the very rapidly increasing rate of MSW in urban areas, its proper management and recycling is a major problem for urban local bodies (Gautam et al, 2009). The outskirts and slums of most cities and towns are characterized by open dumps (Nema and Baker, 2008).…”

Section: Msw Management Scenario In Indiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of past research and proposed action plan for landfill gas-to-energy applications in India

et al. 2012

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Open dumps employed for disposal of municipal solid waste (MSW) are generally referred to as landfills and have been traditionally used as the ultimate disposal method in India. The deposition of MSW in open dumps eventually leads to uncontrolled emission of landfill gas (LFG). This article reviews the MSW disposal practices and LFG emissions from landfills in India during the period 1994 to 2011. The worldwide trend of feasibility of LFG to energy recovery projects and recent studies in India indicate a changed perception of landfills as a source of energy. However, facilitating the implementation of LFG to energy involves a number of challenges in terms of technology, developing a standardized framework and availability of financial incentives. The legislative framework for promotion of LFG to energy projects in India has been reviewed and a comprehensive strategy and action plan for gainful LFG recovery is suggested. It is concluded that the market for LFG to energy projects is not mature in India. There are no on-ground case studies to demonstrate the feasibility of LFG to energy applications. Future research therefore should aim at LFG emission modeling studies at regional level and based on the results, pilot studies may be conducted for the potential sites in the country to establish LFG to energy recovery potential from these landfills.

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“…and they are capable to degrade cellulose by depolymerizing cellulases which hydrolyze lignocelluloses. Most commonly known bio-decomposers are fungi which include Humicola, Trichoderma, and Penicillium aspergillus [7]. The market sale value of soil microbes are increasing nowadays [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Decomposers in Agricultural Waste Management

Iqbal¹,

Agrawal²,

Dubey³

et al. 2021

Biotechnological Applications of Biomass

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In this chapter, agricultural waste residue management by bio-organisms is discussed along with different types of decomposition processes. Tons of agricultural wastes are produced every year. These agricultural wastes create major environmental problems without effective means of management methods. There are many technologies being used for the decomposition, which mainly include anaerobic decomposition, compositing, fermentation, etc. All these decomposition processes depend upon the different soil-inhabiting microbes. These microbes are the key components of agri-residue decomposition process. Every step of decomposition requires different microbes. Various sets of catalytical enzymes are involved for the catabolic procedures of organic matter. By successive catabolic reactions, all the organic matters are mineralized into soil essential constituents, which will be the most effective sources of macro- and micronutrients for the soil fertility. Working efficiency of these microbes depends upon different parameters like moisture, temperature, pH, etc. The vitality and efficiency of microbes can be enhanced by using various inert carriers. If the efficiency of these soil microbes enhances by various factors, then the rate of decomposition could be enhanced to handle this ever-increasing problem of agriculture residue in near future.

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Biodegradation and Recycling of Urban Solid Waste

Cited by 15 publications

References 10 publications

Physical Composition, Nutrients and Contaminants of Typical Waste Dumping Sites

Physical Composition, Nutrients and Contaminants of Typical Waste Dumping Sites

Review of past research and proposed action plan for landfill gas-to-energy applications in India

Role of Decomposers in Agricultural Waste Management

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