Biodegradation of Carbofuran phenol by free and immobilized cells of Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC13883T

Abstract

The Klebsiella sp. strain ATCC13883T capable of degrading carbofuran phenol (2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethylbenzofuran-7-ol) has been separated from the soil by enrichment culture technique and immobilized in various, namely polyurethane foam (PUF), polyacrylamide, alginate, agar and alginate-bentonite clay-powdered activated charcoal (PAC). The degradation rates of 20 and 30 mM carbofuran phenol by free and immobilized cells in batch and semi-continuous shaken cultures were compared. The PUF-immobilized cells achieved higher degradation rates in a shorter time than freely suspended cells and the cells immobilized in polyacrylamide, alginate and agar. The PUF-and alginate-bentonite clay-PAC-immobilized cells could be reused for more than 36 cycles, polyacrylamideentrapped cells for 20 cycles and alginate-bentonite-PAC 28 cycles, without losing any degradation capacity and showed better tolerance to pH, temperature and concentration changes than free cells. These results showed that cells immobilized in modified alginate-bentonite-PAC immobilizers tolerated and completely degraded carbofuran phenol at initial concentrations of 20 and 30 mM and also higher. Such a bacterial strain could be used for bioremediation of environments contaminated with phenolic compounds.

Screening of Bio-Surfactant Production Ability among Organic Pollutants Degrading Isolates Collected From Egyptian Environment

“…These three genera, in particular, possess interesting potential in term of both biodegradation and biosurfactants production [22][23][24][25][26][27]. For instance, members of Pseudomonas genus are well recognized for their capability of both degrading aromatic compounds especially phenol [25,27] and biosurfactant production mainly rhamnolipids [24,26].…”

“…For instance, members of Pseudomonas genus are well recognized for their capability of both degrading aromatic compounds especially phenol [25,27] and biosurfactant production mainly rhamnolipids [24,26]. As for Klebsiella genus, recent studies have reported the isolation of several Klebsiella species with diverse biodegradation ability [23,28]. Other studies were likewise concerned with characterization of the biosurfactant produced [22,29].…”

Enhanced Carbofuran Degradation Using Immobilized and Free Cells of Enterobacter sp. Isolated from Soil

“…The immobilized cells could be reused over and over, hence decreasing the costly processes of recycling and recovery of cells [ 19 , 20 ]. Moreover, the immobilized microbial cells may offer many benefits, such as high mechanical strength, high resistance to toxic chemicals, and high metabolic activity, due to high biomass concentrations and dispersal blockades within the biofilm, as well as stopping wash out of cells from the beads [ 21 ]. The study aimed at isolating bacteria capable of degrading carbofuran and immobilizing the bacterium on a natural carrier (gellan gum) to produce a metabolically active, biological agent for the biodegradation of carbofuran in polluted soil.…”

Removal of atrazine from aqueous environment using immobilized Pichia kudriavzevii Atz-EN-01 by two different methods

“…The advantages of immobilized cells include increased degradation rate, protection against toxicity, reusability, good operational stability and low processing costs (Kadakol et al, 2011;Saratale et al, 2011). Immobilization of microorganisms either on a solid support as a fixed biofilm or by encapsulation within a matrix can be a practical solution for the removal of agrochemical pollutants from the environment.…”