Biodegradation of chemicals in a standardized test and in environmental conditions

Ahtiainen, Jukka; Aalto, Miia; Pessala, Piia

doi:10.1016/s0045-6535(02)00861-5

Cited by 41 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Thouland et al [48], also described how the fate of chemicals in degradation studies are strongly influenced by the original inoculum used, largely depending on cell density, microbial diversity, and whether or not the microbial community may have been pre-exposed to the test chemical. Although the natural microbial populations used in the current experiment may have been previously exposed to low concentrations of these herbicides, in the tank experiments (as in the natural environment) they are likely to have access to a more abundant and diverse array of carbon sources (both dissolved in the seawater and associated with sediments) that may be more easily assimilated [49]. The nutrients in the tanks by the end of the experiment were similar to the relatively low concentrations reported for inshore waters of the GBR [30].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is especially the case where unrealistically high concentrations of contaminant are tested in the presence of additional nutrients and inoculated with highly enriched and active microbial consortia (e.g. from wastewater plants and alike) [49]. Even when standard flasks studies are conducted to better simulate natural conditions they are often not performed for sufficient time to enable half-life calculations [26].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Degradation of Herbicides in the Tropical Marine Environment: Influence of Light and Sediment

et al. 2016

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Widespread contamination of nearshore marine systems, including the Great Barrier Reef (GBR) lagoon, with agricultural herbicides has long been recognised. The fate of these contaminants in the marine environment is poorly understood but the detection of photosystem II (PSII) herbicides in the GBR year-round suggests very slow degradation rates. Here, we evaluated the persistence of a range of commonly detected herbicides in marine water under field-relevant concentrations and conditions. Twelve-month degradation experiments were conducted in large open tanks, under different light scenarios and in the presence and absence of natural sediments. All PSII herbicides were persistent under control conditions (dark, no sediments) with half-lives of 300 d for atrazine, 499 d diuron, 1994 d hexazinone, 1766 d tebuthiuron, while the non-PSII herbicides were less persistent at 147 d for metolachlor and 59 d for 2,4-D. The degradation of herbicides was 2–10 fold more rapid in the presence of a diurnal light cycle and coastal sediments; apart from 2,4-D which degraded more slowly in the presence of light. Despite the more rapid degradation observed for most herbicides in the presence of light and sediments, the half-lives remained > 100 d for the PS II herbicides. The effects of light and sediments on herbicide persistence were likely due to their influence on microbial community composition and its ability to utilise the herbicides as a carbon source. These results help explain the year-round presence of PSII herbicides in marine systems, including the GBR, but more research on the transport, degradation and toxicity on a wider range of pesticides and their transformation products is needed to improve their regulation in sensitive environments.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Degradation of Herbicides in the Tropical Marine Environment: Influence of Light and Sediment

et al. 2016

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“…Chlornitrobenzole k6n-nen im anaeroben Milieu mikrobiell zu Chloranilinen reduziert werden, die einem mikrobiellen Angriff weit weniger zug/inglich sind (Susarla et al 1996, Ahtiainen et al 2003 …”

Section: Umweltverhaltenunclassified

Bestimmung von Nitrodiphenylaminen und verwandten Verbindungen im Sickerwasser einer Rüstungsaltlast

Bausinger

Dehner

Preuß

2005

UWSF - Z Umweltchem Ökotox

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“…They are cheap and easy to use but give point data limited to one specific type of environment, which leads to a variable and restricted view of biodegradation (Thouand et al 1995;van Ginkel et al 1995;Vazquez-Rodriguez et al 2012;Goodhead et al 2014). Despite this uncertainty, a positive RBT result can be used to classify the tested substance as readily biodegradable (Ahtiainen et al 2003;ECHA 2014). Simulation tests (e.g., OECD 314 (OECD 2008)) are designed to evaluate the long-term chemical behavior in the environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From laboratory to environmental conditions: a new approach for chemical’s biodegradability assessment

Brillet

Armand

Durand

et al. 2016

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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With thousands of organic chemicals released every day into our environment, Europe and other continents are confronted with increased risk of health and environmental problems. Even if a strict regulation such as REgistration, Authorization and restriction of CHemicals (REACH) is imposed and followed by industry to ensure that they prove the harmlessness of their substances, not all testing procedures are designed to cope with the complexity of the environment. This is especially true for the evaluation of persistence through biodegradability assessment guidelines. Our new approach has been to adapt "in the lab" biodegradability assessment to the environmental conditions and model the probability for a biodegradation test to be positive in the form of a logistic function of both the temperature and the viable cell density. Here, a proof of this new concept is proposed with the establishment of tri-dimensional biodegradability profiles of six chemicals (sodium benzoate, 4-nitrophenol, diethylene glycol, 2,4,5-trichlorophenol, atrazine, and glyphosate) between 4 to 30 °C and 10(4) to 10(8) cells ml(-1) as can be found in environmental compartments in time and space. The results show a significant increase of the predictive power of existing screening lab-scale tests designed for soluble substances. This strategy can be complementary to those current testing strategies with the creation of new indicators to quantify environmental persistence using lab-scale tests.

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Biodegradation of chemicals in a standardized test and in environmental conditions

Cited by 41 publications

References 11 publications

Degradation of Herbicides in the Tropical Marine Environment: Influence of Light and Sediment

Degradation of Herbicides in the Tropical Marine Environment: Influence of Light and Sediment

Bestimmung von Nitrodiphenylaminen und verwandten Verbindungen im Sickerwasser einer Rüstungsaltlast

From laboratory to environmental conditions: a new approach for chemical’s biodegradability assessment

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