Biodiesel Effects on U.S. Light-Duty Tier 2 Engine and Emission Control Systems - Part 2

Tatur, Marek; Nanjundaswamy, Harsha; Tomazic, Dean; Thornton, Matthew; McCormick, Robert L.

doi:10.4271/2009-01-0281

Cited by 21 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Other reports have clearly pointed out a significant increase in the emission of regulated pollutants (nitrogen oxides, particles) when B20 or B100 is used (Bxx means that the fuel contains xx % of biodiesel). Emissions of NOx can increase by 35% when B100 is used exclusively [16,17]. A 60 to 80% increase in particles in the exhaust gases has also been reported for biodiesel use [17].…”

Section: State Of the Artmentioning

confidence: 93%

Biofuel Impact on Diesel Engine After-Treatment: Deactivation Mechanisms and Soot Reactivity

Iojoiu

Lauga

Abboud

et al. 2017

Emiss. Control Sci. Technol.

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Section: State Of the Artmentioning

confidence: 93%

Biofuel Impact on Diesel Engine After-Treatment: Deactivation Mechanisms and Soot Reactivity

Iojoiu

Lauga

Abboud

et al. 2017

Emiss. Control Sci. Technol.

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“…Despite these biodiesel oil dilution levels, no impacts were observed on the performance of the engine or the emission control systems. Figure 5: Selected engine components Durability tests with both emission control systems [8] demonstrated that the NAC system provides sustainable conversion efficiencies over its useful life. However, the SCR system did experience performance degradation, which was attributed to the deactivation of the ironzeolite through thermal shock.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a corollary to a larger research project at NREL on biodiesel impacts on selective catalytic reduction (SCR) with urea and oxides of nitrogen (NO x ) adsorber catalyst (NAC) systems [7,8], researchers assessed biodiesel's impacts on oil dilution. The purpose of this paper is to document the oil dilution observed in this research project and assess any potential engine or emission control system impacts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of Biodiesel Fuel Blends Oil Dilution on Light-Duty Diesel Engine Operation

Thornton

Alleman

Luecke

et al. 2009

SAE Int. J. Fuels Lubr.

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Increasing interest in biofuels-specifically, biodiesel as a pathway to energy diversity and security-has necessitated the need for research on the performance and utilization of these fuels and fuel blends in current and future vehicle fleets. One critical research area is related to achieving a full understanding of the impact of biodiesel fuel blends on advanced emission control systems. In addition, the use of biodiesel fuel blends can degrade diesel engine oil performance and impact oil drain interval requirements.

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“…Furthermore, alkali metal hydroxides such as Na and K are volatilized in the presence of steam and can, therefore, penetrate the catalyst washcoat or substrate. Early results showed no negative short-term impact of biodiesel on the performance of emission control system components [8,9,10,11]. Here, we examine long-term impacts with a focus on the effects of residual metals.…”

Section: Impact Of Fuel Metal Impurities On the Durability Of A Lightmentioning

confidence: 96%

Impact of Fuel Metal Impurities on the Durability of a Light-Duty Diesel Aftertreatment System

Williams¹,

Burton²,

McCormick³

et al. 2013

SAE Technical Paper Series

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Alkali and alkaline earth metal impurities found in diesel fuels are potential poisons for diesel exhaust catalysts. Using an accelerated aging procedure, a set of production exhaust systems from a 2011 Ford F250 equipped with a 6.7L diesel engine have been aged to an equivalent of 150,000 miles of thermal aging and metal exposure. These exhaust systems included a diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC), selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst, and diesel particulate filter (DPF). Four separate exhaust systems were aged, each with a different fuel: ULSD containing no measureable metals, B20 containing sodium, B20 containing potassium and B20 containing calcium. Metals levels were selected to simulate the maximum allowable levels in B100 according to the ASTM D6751 standard. Analysis of the aged catalysts included Federal Test Procedure emissions testing with the systems installed on a Ford F250 pickup, bench flow reactor testing of catalyst cores, and electron probe microanalysis (EPMA). The thermo-mechanical properties of the aged DPFs were also measured.EPMA imaging of aged catalyst parts found that both the Na and K penetrated into the washcoat of the DOC and SCR catalysts, while Ca remained on the surface of the washcoat.Bench flow reactor experiments were used to measure the standard NOx conversion, NH 3 storage and NH 3 oxidation for each of the aged SCR catalysts. Flow reactor results showed that the first inch of the SCR catalysts exposed to Na and K had reduced NOx conversion through a range of temperatures and also had reduced NH 3 storage capacity. The SCR catalyst exposed to Ca had similar NOx conversion and NH 3 storage performance compared to the catalyst aged with ULSD. Using a chassis dynamometer, vehicle emissions tests were conducted with each of the aged catalyst systems installed onto a Ford F250 pickup. Regardless of the evidence of catalyst deactivation seen in flow reactor experiments and EPMA imaging, the vehicle successfully passed the 0.2 gram/ mile NOx emission standard with each of the four aged exhaust systems. This indicates that total catalyst volume is adequate to accommodate the catalyst activity loss observed in the flow reactor experiments.

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Biodiesel Effects on U.S. Light-Duty Tier 2 Engine and Emission Control Systems - Part 2

Cited by 21 publications

References 10 publications

Biofuel Impact on Diesel Engine After-Treatment: Deactivation Mechanisms and Soot Reactivity

Biofuel Impact on Diesel Engine After-Treatment: Deactivation Mechanisms and Soot Reactivity

Impacts of Biodiesel Fuel Blends Oil Dilution on Light-Duty Diesel Engine Operation

Impact of Fuel Metal Impurities on the Durability of a Light-Duty Diesel Aftertreatment System

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