Biodiesel fuel production from brown grease produced by wastewater treatment plant: Optimization of acid catalyzed reaction conditions

Bashir, Mohammed J.K.; Wong, Lai-Peng; Hilaire, Dickens St.; Kim, Jihyun; Salako, Oluwaseun; Jean, Mith Jennifer; Adeyemi, Remi Sikiru; James, Serena; Foster, Tia; Pratt, Lawrence M.

doi:10.1016/j.jece.2020.103848

Cited by 22 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The obtained results are not surprising, since OA and LA are the main ingredients of vegetable oil triglycerides commonly used in restaurants: canola oil, soybean, palm oil and others, as well as of animal fats such as butter, beef fats, chicken and fish. It should be noted that triglycerides undergo hydrolysis to FFAs during cooking and during long storage in the presence of water in the grease trap, probably by means of anaerobic bacteria growing in the grease traps and/or catalysis by acids and bases present in the wastewater [7,14,16].…”

Section: Composition Of the Brown Grease Fatty Phasementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Production Of Biodiesel From Brown Greasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bashir et al [14] carried out brown grease esterification with methanol using H 2 SO 4 as a catalyst at 65 • C for 2 h, gaining a yield of 99.7%. Both catalysts used in the present study (BF 3 and AlCl 3 ) enabled achieving the same yield as in the work of Bashir et al [14]. However, in the scheme suggested by us, the reaction occurs 12 times faster and does not require an investment of energy for heating the system.…”

Section: Production Of Biodiesel From Brown Greasementioning

confidence: 99%

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Production of Biodiesel from Brown Grease

et al. 2020

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Among the renewable energy sources is biodiesel. This fuel is usually produced by catalytic transesterification of vegetable oils and animal fats under heating and pressure. Brown grease is a mixture of oils, fats, solids and detergents from food industry wastes that is captured in grease traps. Brown grease is classified as waste and must be treated and disposed of appropriately. It contains oils and fats that can be converted into biodiesel. However, the high concentration of free fatty acids in brown grease does not enable the use of conventional biodiesel production schemes. This study proposes a new scheme for biodiesel production from brown grease. In addition, conditions for the effective separation of a fat phase from brown grease were tested, and the composition of a fatty phase was determined for several grease traps. Esterification and transesterification of brown grease lipids were carried out with methanol, where the Lewis acids BF3 and AlCl3 were used as catalysts and the reaction was activated by ultrasound. The results show that biodiesel can be obtained from brown grease by esterification and transesterification within several minutes under ultrasonic activation at room temperature. These results open prospects for the development of efficient, low-cost and environmentally friendly biodiesel production.

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Section: Composition Of the Brown Grease Fatty Phasementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Production Of Biodiesel From Brown Greasementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Production Of Biodiesel From Brown Greasementioning

confidence: 99%

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Production of Biodiesel from Brown Grease

et al. 2020

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“…1 Biodiesel, as one of the most promising biofuels, has attracted attention due to lower emissions, renewability, and biodegradability. 2,3 Biodiesel consists of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) that can be produced from the transesterification reaction of vegetable oil or animal fat. 4 The current biodiesel feedstock relies mainly on edible vegetable oil sources, which account for 70−80% of the total production cost, thus limiting the growth of biodiesel commercialization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effective Lipid Extraction from Fat Balls Using Liquefied Dimethyl Ether: Process Optimization with a Box–Behnken Design

Rizkianto,

Oshita,

Homma

et al. 2024

ACS Omega

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In recent years, lipids reused from urban wastewater materials have come to prominence as possible raw materials for biodiesel production. The present work investigated liquefied dimethyl ether (DME) for the lipid extraction of fat balls from sewage pumping stations. A response surface methodology (RSM) based on a Box−Behnken design (BBD) was utilized to optimize DME extraction parameters (sample size, velocity of liquefied DME, and DME/sample ratio). The maximum lipid yield was 65.2% under optimal DME extraction conditions (sample size 1 mm, velocity of liquefied DME 3.3 m/h, and DME/sample ratio 80 mL/g). Under the optimum conditions, the DME technique exhibited higher lipid recovery than that of mechanical shaking extraction (49.0%) or Soxhlet extraction (62.0%). The extracted lipids were converted into biodiesel, resulting in an approximately 35.2−46.2% biodiesel yield. Furthermore, the fatty acid methyl ester composition of the extracted lipids was characterized. These significant findings highlight the promising potential of fat balls as sustainable biodiesel feedstocks and provide valuable insight that will aid the development of better technology for lipid extraction.

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“…Acidic catalysis is usually performed by mineral acids such as sulfuric acid, which are less sensitive to the presence of water, although this catalysis type is less applicable due to a relatively low reaction rate compared to other catalytic methods [35,41,42]. Drawbacks of enzymatic catalysts include the following: they are expensive, provide a slow reaction rate, and may lose activity as a result of poisoning by contaminations in BG [40,[43][44][45].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward Efficient Continuous Production of Biodiesel from Brown Grease

Atrash,

Molina,

Sharoni

et al. 2023

Sustainability

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An increase in energy consumption and the extended use of nonrenewable fossil fuels raises the need to develop alternative fuels as an energy supply that can protect the environment from unwanted emissions of pollutants. One alternative renewable fuel is biodiesel. Currently, most biodiesel feed sources are edible oils, but using them leads to the dilution of global food sources. The present study aims to find an effective method of biodiesel production using food industry fatty wastes called brown grease (BG). BG contains fats, mainly linoleic and oleic free fatty acids (FFAs), that can serve as raw materials for biodiesel production using esterification reactions. The esterification and transesterification reactions for biodiesel production were studied using commercial FFAs, commercial glyceryl trilinoleate (trilinolein), soybean oil, and BG. The reactions were carried out under ultrasonic activation using BF3 and AlCl3 Lewis acids as catalysts in both free and immobilized forms when immobilization was performed in silica matrices using the sol-gel synthesis route. Biodiesel production was examined in batch and continuous flow reactors. The BF3 catalyst was more efficient at the initial stages of the continuous operation, reaching a maximum conversion of 90%, with a gradual decrease in efficiency after 15 h of the process. The AlCl3 catalyst showed better stability, reaching maximum yields of 97% and maintaining efficiency until the end of the experiment. The proposed method offers an efficient and easy way to produce biodiesel from a variety of lipids sources, including fatty wastes (BG).

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Biodiesel fuel production from brown grease produced by wastewater treatment plant: Optimization of acid catalyzed reaction conditions

Cited by 22 publications

References 13 publications

Production of Biodiesel from Brown Grease

Production of Biodiesel from Brown Grease

Effective Lipid Extraction from Fat Balls Using Liquefied Dimethyl Ether: Process Optimization with a Box–Behnken Design

Toward Efficient Continuous Production of Biodiesel from Brown Grease

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