Biodiesel production using heterogeneous catalysts

Semwal, Surbhi; Arora, Ajay; Badoni, R.P.; Tuli, Deepak K.

doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2010.10.080

Cited by 499 publications

(210 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…In order to meet these challenges, we had made an attempt for utilizing the electroplating waste for extracting the nanoparticles (heterogenous catalysts) by chemical precipitation and sol-gel method and then using these nanoparticles in production of bio-diesel from the butchery waste [7], [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Extraction of Nickel Nanoparticles from Electroplating Waste and Their Application in Production of Bio-diesel from Biowaste

Sharma¹,

Desnavi²,

Dixit³

et al. 2015

IJCEA

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Abstract-Electroplating waste samples were collected from various nearby industries in Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh (India), a prominent place for these industries and it was found that the concentrations of Cr +6 , Ni +2 , Cu +2 and Zn +2 ions were much more than the permissible norms of discharge which causes serious damage to the environment. To cater this issue, these heavy metal ions were extracted from the sample and then converted to their respective oxide nanoparticles by chemical precipitation and sol-gel methods respectively. And then, these nanoparticles were characterized by FTIR and XRD techniques. Also one of the major wastes produced in India is the butchery waste which causes severe health problems and is aesthetically unpleasant. This paper mainly focuses on the production of biodiesel from butchery waste by a new pathway utilizing heterogeneous nano-catalysts of Nickel(Ni +2 ) (extracted from electroplating waste) for the process of trans-esterification, which produces biodiesel which are mono-alkyl esters of long chain fatty acids (FAME-Fatty Acid Methyl Esters).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Initiation of trans-esterification involves abstraction of proton by methanol by the nano-catalysts to form methoxide ion [7]- [15]. The methoxide ion thus created, attacks on carbonyl carbon present in the triglycerides, forming alkoxy carbonyl.…”

Section: ) Ftir Pattern Of Nickel Oxide Nanoparticlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extraction of Nickel Nanoparticles from Electroplating Waste and Their Application in Production of Bio-diesel from Biowaste

Sharma¹,

Desnavi²,

Dixit³

et al. 2015

IJCEA

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“…When a triglyceride is converted stepwise to diglyceride, monoglyceride, and glycerol -one mol of fatty acid is liberated at each step. Usually, methanol is the preferred alcohol for producing biodiesel because of its low-cost (Semwal et al 2011).…”

Section: Biodiesel In Generalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The advantages of using a solid catalyst are (1) they are insensitive to FFA content, (2) esterification and transesterification occur simultaneously, (3) eliminate the washing step of biodiesel, (4) easy separation of the catalyst from the reaction medium, resulting in lower product contamination level, (5) easy regeneration and recycling of catalyst, (6) reduced corrosion problem, even with the presence of acid species (Semwal et al 2011). …”

Section: Heterogeneous Acid-catalyzed Transesterificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trend in enzyme immobilization on nano materials for transesterification to produce biodiesel: A review

Hindryawati¹,

Maniam²,

Feng³

et al. 2018

J bio-sci.

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Biodiesel is a non-toxic and very low sulfur containing, renewable and biodegradable diesel fuel substitute with low volatility and high cetane number. It is derived from fresh or waste vegetable oils and animal fats transesterified with short chain alcohol such as ethanol or methanol in the presence of a catalyst. Several new types of carriers and technologies have been adopted in the recent past to improve the ability of a catalyst in transesterification. One of the new trends is nanoparticles-based immobilization of enzyme as a catalyst. The combination of the precise physical, chemical, optical and electrical properties of nanoparticles with the specific recognition site or catalytic properties has led them to appear in a myriad of novel nanomaterial application. Enzyme immobilized on nanoparticles showed a broader working temperature and pH range and thermal stability than the native enzyme. Enhancement in the reactivity of nanocatalysts is associated with their increased surface area, greater concentrations of highly reactive edge, unusual and stabilized lattice planes. The greater activity of nanomaterial immobilized biocatalyst affords operational simplicity, low energy consumption, and greater safety, in the process of transesterification. This review article highlights the issues including the exploration of the ability of nanomaterial to immobilize biocatalyst and factors that influence the activity of biocatalysts upon immobilization.

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“…Due to reduction in fossil resource and increasing environmental concerns, researchers have been concentrated on alternative fuels such as bioethanol and biodiesel, in recent years (Balat 2011;Demirbas 2007;Pedroso et al 2006;Semwal et al 2011). The most common technology of biodiesel production is transesterification of oils (triglycerides) with alcohol which gives biodiesel (fatty acid methyl esters, FAME) as main product and glycerol as by product (Boey et al 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilization of waste coral for biodiesel production via transesterification of soybean oil

Moradi¹,

Mohammadi²

2013

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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In the present study, the waste coral was utilized as a source of calcium oxide for transesterification of soybean oil into biodiesel (methyl esters). Characterization results revealed that the main component of the waste coral is calcium carbonate which transformed into calcium oxide when calcined above 700°C. The Box-Behnken design of experiment was carried out, and the results were analyzed using response surface methodology. Calcination temperature, methanol-soybean oil molar ratio and catalyst concentration were chosen as variables. The methyl ester content (wt%) was response which must be maximized. A second-order model was obtained to predict methyl ester content as a function of these variables. Each variable was placed in the three low, medium and high levels (calcination temperature of 700, 800 and 900°C; catalyst concentration of 3, 6 and 9 wt%; methanol-to-oil ratios of 12:1, 18:1 and 24:1). The optimum conditions from the experiment were found that the calcination temperature of 900°C, catalyst concentration of 6 wt% and methanol-tooil ratio of 12:1. Under these conditions, methyl ester content reached to 100 wt%. The waste catalyst was capable of being reused up to 4 times without much loss in the activity.

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Biodiesel production using heterogeneous catalysts

Cited by 499 publications

References 65 publications

Extraction of Nickel Nanoparticles from Electroplating Waste and Their Application in Production of Bio-diesel from Biowaste

Extraction of Nickel Nanoparticles from Electroplating Waste and Their Application in Production of Bio-diesel from Biowaste

Trend in enzyme immobilization on nano materials for transesterification to produce biodiesel: A review

Utilization of waste coral for biodiesel production via transesterification of soybean oil

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