Biodiversity and Endangered Species: Issues of Significance

Caves Biodiversity in the Marine Area of Riviera d'Ulisse Regional Park, Italy: Grotta del Maresciallo Overview

“…Moreover, the BOLD system, which deposits barcodes, morphological, geographical and other data, has the potential as a convenient taxonomic platform [23] rapid, and accurate means of identifying specimens and assessing biodiversity and permitted to demonstrate the presence of two established thermophilic species, as Astroides calycularis and Epinephelus costae as the consequence of sea water temperature anomalies on a Mediterranean submarine cave ecosystem [4,50]; the tropical species Parablennius pilicornis, as biological pollution effect, the arrival already evidenced in the Mediterranean [18,51] and by the authors also in the Gaeta Gulf [17]; the rare species, Grammonus ater, and some uncommon species such as Stenopus spinosus and Gnatophillum elegans and the endangered species Epinephelus marginatus, included in the IUCN Red List (http:// www.iucnredlist.org), encountered in several different marine caves review by [review in ref. 12,52,53] in the eastern Mediterranean. The use of DNA barcoding method is hindered by the fact that only a lowest percentage of the phyla have an associated barcode.…”

Non-Native Species and Biodiversity Assessment

“…There has been an upsurge in scientific research aimed at guiding management and conservation of species at risk and/ or rational and sustainable use of water resources. They highlight the importance of understand the natural disturbance regimes, recognizing the scope, scale, and temporal patterns of change [17]. Evolutionary history or phylogeny provides one natural measure of biodiversity through the popular phylogenetic diversity (PD) measure.…”