Biodiversity of Ciliates and Their Symbionts: A Special Issue

Schrallhammer, Martina

doi:10.3390/d12110441

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…However, the issues concerning the biodiversity and biogeography of these species, as well as the determination of interspecific boundaries, remain one of the most important contemporary problems in protistology [1][2][3][4]. The possibilities of solving the above problems have increased significantly in recent decades, mainly due to the dynamic development of molecular biology techniques [5][6][7][8][9]. The main result of the application of molecular tools was the identification of a high genetic variation within individual species [10][11][12], which led to the description of many new species in recent years [7,[13][14][15][16][17][18][19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paramecium bursaria—A Complex of Five Cryptic Species: Mitochondrial DNA COI Haplotype Variation and Biogeographic Distribution

2021

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Ciliates are a diverse protistan group and many consist of cryptic species complexes whose members may be restricted to particular biogeographic locations. Mitochondrial genes, characterized by a high resolution for closely related species, were applied to identify new species and to distinguish closely related morphospecies. In the current study, we analyzed 132 sequences of COI mtDNA fragments obtained from P. bursaria species collected worldwide. The results allowed, for the first time, to generate a network of COI haplotypes and demonstrate the relationships between P. bursaria strains, as well as to confirm the existence of five reproductively isolated haplogroups. The P. bursaria haplogroups identified in the present study correspond to previously reported syngens (R1, R2, R3, R4, and R5), thus we decided to propose the following binominal names for each of them: P. primabursaria, P. bibursaria, P. tribursaria, P. tetrabursaria, and P. pentabursaria, respectively. The phylogeographic distribution of P. bursaria species showed that P. primabursaria and P. bibursaria were strictly Eurasian, except for two South Australian P. bibursaria strains. P. tribursaria was found mainly in Eastern Asia, in two stands in Europe and in North America. In turn, P. tetrabursaria was restricted to the USA territory, whereas P. pentabursaria was found in two European localities.

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