Biodiversity of Weeds and Arthropods in Five Different Perennial Industrial Crops in Eastern Poland

Radzikowski, Paweł; Matyka, Mariusz; Berbeć, Adam Kleofas

doi:10.3390/agriculture10120636

Cited by 14 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 30 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Because a single specimen of S. vulgaris can produce many thousands of fruits per year (Chancellor, 1983), infestation of the cup plant plots by this weed greatly increased over the years. As in the present study, S. vulgaris together with S. media were also among the five most common dicot weeds observed in cup plant in eastern Poland (Radzikowski et al, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Converting perennial energy crops cup plant and field grass to arable cropping affects weed infestation, soil nitrogen mineralization and subsequent silage maize yield

2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Perennial energy crop (PEC) fields need to be reintegrated into the farm's crop rotation when yield performance declines after years of use or when the farm operation requires it. In this study, 8‐year‐old stands of cup plant (Silphium perfoliatum L.) and lucerne grass followed by field grass were converted to arable cropping, while continuous silage maize (Zea mays L.) grown over the same period served as a control. The study aimed to assess changes in the weed flora, control of cup plant regrowth, pre‐crop value of PECs for subsequently grown maize and N release through mineralization of crop litter and soil organic matter in the first year after converting the PECs. The previously practiced cropping systems resulted in widely divergent maize weed populations. About 90% of the cup plant volunteers were successfully eliminated by two treatments of herbicides containing clopyralid. Maize following cup plant exhibited a faster soil cover, earlier male and female flowering, taller plants and a 10.6% and 13.6% higher aboveground biomass yield than former field grass and maize respectively. The N release by mineralization of 222 and 238 kg N ha−1 following cup plant and field grass conversion, respectively, clearly exceeded the 129 kg N ha−1 observed in the maize control. The residual mineral nitrogen in the 90 cm soil profile after the maize harvest was also significantly higher in the former field grass and cup plant plots than in the maize control. The excess N in the first year after reverting to annual cropping runs the risk of N leaching. Given that N fertilization is substantially reduced after cup plant and field grass conversion, maize appears to be a well‐suited follow‐up crop due to its good suppression of cup plant volunteers and high N uptake capacity which helps minimize nutrient losses to the environment.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Converting perennial energy crops cup plant and field grass to arable cropping affects weed infestation, soil nitrogen mineralization and subsequent silage maize yield

2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…PICs include a group of short-rotation woody crops (SRWCs) of genera Eucalyptus, Salix, Populus, and Robinia, which are sources of woody biomass [7,8]. The production and use of SRWCs are seen as bringing environmental, social, and economic benefits [9][10][11][12]. According to the biobased economy concept, biomass use should be diverse, and it should include generating various renewable food bioproducts and others, as well as energy generation [13][14][15][16][17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Willow, Poplar, and Black Locust Debarked Wood as Feedstock for Energy and Other Purposes

Stolarski,

Gil,

Krzyżaniak

et al. 2024

Energies

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Solid biomass can be used for energy generation and the production of various renewable bioproducts. The aim of this study was to determine the yield and characteristics of wood obtained as debarking residue from 14 genotypes of short-rotation woody crops (SRWCs). These included five Populus genotypes, one Robinia genotype, and eight Salix genotypes, harvested in both annual and quadrennial cycles. The results showed that the highest dry wood yield (12.42 Mg ha−1 y−1 DM) and yield energy value (244.34 GJ ha−1 y−1) were obtained from willow (cultivar Żubr) harvested in a quadrennial cycle. The best effect among the poplar genotypes was achieved for the Hybryda275, and it was particularly marked in the quadrennial harvest cycle. The poorest results were determined for black locust. The Robinia characteristics included the significantly lowest moisture content (31.6%), which was a positive attribute from the energy point of view, but, on the other hand, it had some adverse characteristics—the highest levels of sulfur (0.033% DM), nitrogen (0.38% DM), and ash (0.69% DM). More beneficial properties in this respect were determined for willow and poplar wood. Moreover, willow and poplar wood contained more cellulose—51.8 and 50.0% DM, respectively—compared with black locust. Extending the SRWC shoot harvest cycle from annual to quadrennial resulted in an increase in cellulose, lignin, and carbon, higher heating value, and a decrease in nitrogen, sulfur, ash, and moisture content. Therefore, extending the harvest cycle improved the parameters of SRWC wood as an energy feedstock.

show abstract

“…In brassica vegetable growing systems, different species of Brassica are often cultivated in close proximity and such polycultures can affect the diversity of prey species available to predators (Brandmeier et al, 2021 ; N'Woueni and Gaoue, 2022 ). Furthermore, the prey assemblages vary with the changing cropping patterns and climate of different seasons (Liu et al, 2018 ; Radzikowski et al, 2020 ). Since the composition of the predator gut microbiome may be affected by diet, including potential acquisition of microbes from prey, a range of environmental drivers is likely influencing the spider microbiomes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut microbiota assemblages of generalist predators are driven by local- and landscape-scale factors

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The gut microbiomes of arthropods have significant impact on key physiological functions such as nutrition, reproduction, behavior, and health. Spiders are diverse and numerically dominant predators in crop fields where they are potentially important regulators of pests. Harnessing spiders to control agricultural pests is likely to be supported by an understanding of their gut microbiomes, and the environmental drivers shaping microbiome assemblages. This study aimed to deciphering the gut microbiome assembly of these invertebrate predators and elucidating potential implications of key environmental constraints in this process. Here, we used high-throughput sequencing to examine for the first time how the assemblages of bacteria in the gut of spiders are shaped by environmental variables. Local drivers of microbiome composition were globally-relevant input use system (organic production vs. conventional practice), and crop identity (Chinese cabbage vs. cauliflower). Landscape-scale factors, proportion of forest and grassland, compositional diversity, and habitat edge density, also strongly affected gut microbiota. Specific bacterial taxa were enriched in gut of spiders sampled from different settings and seasons. These findings provide a comprehensive insight into composition and plasticity of spider gut microbiota. Understanding the temporal responses of specific microbiota could lead to innovative strategies development for boosting biological control services of predators.

show abstract

Biodiversity of Weeds and Arthropods in Five Different Perennial Industrial Crops in Eastern Poland

Cited by 14 publications

References 30 publications

Converting perennial energy crops cup plant and field grass to arable cropping affects weed infestation, soil nitrogen mineralization and subsequent silage maize yield

Converting perennial energy crops cup plant and field grass to arable cropping affects weed infestation, soil nitrogen mineralization and subsequent silage maize yield

Willow, Poplar, and Black Locust Debarked Wood as Feedstock for Energy and Other Purposes

Gut microbiota assemblages of generalist predators are driven by local- and landscape-scale factors

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About