Biofilm formation by ST17 and ST19 strains of Streptococcus agalactiae

Silvestre, Inês; Borrego, Maria José; Jordão, Luísa

doi:10.1016/j.resmic.2020.08.001

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Moreover, in the biofilm matrix, some enzymes are involved in the degradation of extracellular polymeric substances, which deliver energy and carbon sources to bacterial biofilm cells, especially in a nutrient-restricted environment [ 94 ]. Overall, autoaggregation and biofilm formation are factors favoring the colonization of ecological niches and bacterial persistence facing conditions of stress in numerous species, including Streptococci [ 86 , 95 , 96 ]. Colonization of the vaginal tract by GBS is a major risk factor for neonatal infection [ 97 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

12/111phiA Prophage Domestication Is Associated with Autoaggregation and Increased Ability to Produce Biofilm in Streptococcus agalactiae

et al. 2021

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CC17 Streptococcus agalactiae carrying group-A prophages is increasingly responsible for neonatal infections. To investigate the impact of the genetic features of a group-A prophage, we first conducted an in silico analysis of the genome of 12/111phiA, a group-A prophage carried by a strain responsible for a bloodstream infection in a parturient. This revealed a Restriction Modification system, suggesting a prophage maintenance strategy and five ORFs of interest for the host and encoding a type II toxin antitoxin system RelB/YafQ, an endonuclease, an S-adenosylmethionine synthetase MetK, and an StrP-like adhesin. Using the WT strain cured from 12/111phiA and constructing deleted mutants for the ORFs of interest, and their complemented mutants, we demonstrated an impact of prophage features on growth characteristics, cell morphology and biofilm formation. Our findings argue in favor of 12/111phiA domestication by the host and a role of prophage features in cell autoaggregation, glycocalyx and biofilm formation. We suggest that lysogeny may promote GBS adaptation to the acid environment of the vagina, consequently colonizing and infecting neonates.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

12/111phiA Prophage Domestication Is Associated with Autoaggregation and Increased Ability to Produce Biofilm in Streptococcus agalactiae

et al. 2021

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“…The main difficulty of this work is to compare with other studies. Indeed, the methods of biofilm studies (conditions static or dynamic, flat or round plates, the starting inoculum, culture) and analysis vary in the literature ( 18 , 21 – 23 , 27 , 28 ). It seems necessary to develop harmonization and standardization techniques of biofilm production in order to compare literature results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Environmental conditions may affect the ability of biofilm formation. Acid pH would increase the ability to form biofilm in strains belonging to CC17 ( 23 , 27 ). Glucose seems globally to be more important than pH for the biofilm production in GBS strains ( 28 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genotypic Characterization and Biofilm Production of Group B Streptococcus Strains Isolated from Bone and Joint Infections

et al. 2022

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“…There is no single recommended method for S. agalactiae biofilm growth experiments. S. agalactiae biofilms are usually grown on polystyrene 96-well plates in TSB [ 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 ] or THB [ 6 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 ]. Some deviations have been reported, such as THB supplemented with yeast extract [ 31 ], TSB supplemented with bovine serum [ 5 ], TSB supplemented with 3% BSA [ 32 ], RPMI [ 27 ], cation adjusted—Mueller Hinton broth (CA-MHB) [ 33 ] or CA-MHB supplemented with lysed horse broth [ 34 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…S. agalactiae biofilms are usually grown on polystyrene 96-well plates in TSB [ 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 ] or THB [ 6 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 ]. Some deviations have been reported, such as THB supplemented with yeast extract [ 31 ], TSB supplemented with bovine serum [ 5 ], TSB supplemented with 3% BSA [ 32 ], RPMI [ 27 ], cation adjusted—Mueller Hinton broth (CA-MHB) [ 33 ] or CA-MHB supplemented with lysed horse broth [ 34 ]. Erika C. R. Bonsaglia et al compared biofilm growth in four different broths, i.e., TSB, THB, LB, and BHI, among which growth in TSB was the greatest [ 8 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Streptococcus agalactiae Biofilm Culture in a Continuous Flow System for Photoinactivation Studies

2021

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Streptococcus agalactiae is a relevant cause of neonatal mortality. It can be transferred to infants via the vaginal tract and cause meningitis, pneumonia, arthritis, or sepsis, among other diseases. The cause of therapy ineffectiveness and infection recurrence is the growth of bacteria as biofilms. To date, several research teams have attempted to find a suitable medium for the cultivation of S. agalactiae biofilms. Among others, simulated vaginal fluid has been used; however, biofilm production in this medium has been found to be lower than that in tryptic soy broth. We have previously shown that S. agalactiae can be successfully eradicated by photoinactivation in planktonic culture, but there have been no studies on biofilms. The aim of this study was to optimize S. agalactiae biofilm culture conditions to be used in photoinactivation studies. We compared biofilm production by four strains representing the most common serotypes in four different broth media with crystal violet staining. Then, we evaluated stationary biofilm culture in microtiter plates and biofilm growth in a CDC Biofilm Reactor® (BioSurface Technologies, Bozeman, MT, USA) under continuous flow conditions. Subsequently, we applied Rose Bengal-mediated photoinactivation to both biofilm models. We have shown that photoinactivation is efficient in biofilm eradication and is not cyto/phototoxic to human keratinocytes. We found conditions allowing for stable and repetitive S. agalactiae biofilm growth in continuous flow conditions, which can be successfully utilized in photoinactivation assays and potentially in all other antibacterial studies.

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Biofilm formation by ST17 and ST19 strains of Streptococcus agalactiae

Cited by 10 publications

References 39 publications

12/111phiA Prophage Domestication Is Associated with Autoaggregation and Increased Ability to Produce Biofilm in Streptococcus agalactiae

12/111phiA Prophage Domestication Is Associated with Autoaggregation and Increased Ability to Produce Biofilm in Streptococcus agalactiae

Genotypic Characterization and Biofilm Production of Group B Streptococcus Strains Isolated from Bone and Joint Infections

Optimization of Streptococcus agalactiae Biofilm Culture in a Continuous Flow System for Photoinactivation Studies

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