Biofilms deform soft surfaces and disrupt epithelia

Cont, Alice; Rossy, Tamara; Al-Mayyah, Zainebe; Persat, Alexandre

doi:10.7554/elife.56533

Cited by 48 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Host epithelial barriers are a first line of defense, limiting bacterial colonization to exterior surfaces of the body. However, biofilms exert physical forces on their underlying substrate, deteriorate epithelial cell–cell junctions and can create entry points to underlying tissue [ 101 ]. To date, the natural stimulus for B. ambifaria to release BambL is unknown.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial lectin BambL acts as a B cell superantigen

Frensch

Jäger

Müller

et al. 2021

Cell. Mol. Life Sci.

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B cell superantigens crosslink conserved domains of B cell receptors (BCRs) and cause dysregulated, polyclonal B cell activation irrespective of normal BCR-antigen complementarity. The cells typically succumb to activation-induced cell death, which can impede the adaptive immune response and favor infection. In the present study, we demonstrate that the fucose-binding lectin of Burkholderia ambifaria, BambL, bears functional resemblance to B cell superantigens. By engaging surface glycans, the bacterial lectin activated human peripheral blood B cells, which manifested in the surface expression of CD69, CD54 and CD86 but became increasingly cytotoxic at higher concentrations. The effects were sensitive to BCR pathway inhibitors and excess fucose, which corroborates a glycan-driven mode of action. Interactome analyses in a model cell line suggest BambL binds directly to glycans of the BCR and regulatory coreceptors. In vitro, BambL triggered BCR signaling and induced CD19 internalization and degradation. Owing to the lectin’s six binding sites, we propose a BCR activation model in which BambL functions as a clustering hub for receptor glycans, modulates normal BCR regulation, and induces cell death through exhaustive activation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial lectin BambL acts as a B cell superantigen

Frensch

Jäger

Müller

et al. 2021

Cell. Mol. Life Sci.

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“…Alternatively, if the MshL-T300P mutation constitutively represses biofilm formation, mutants that have this mutation might be outcompeted under more natural conditions in which microbial communities are present and contain members whose biofilm phenotypes are more nuanced. For example, multiple bacterial species have been shown to form biofilms which enable close associations with host tissues [12,[50][51][52][53][54], and biofilms can protect bacteria from environmental stressors [55][56][57], enabling survival until they are able to colonize a host [26]. Dynamics such as these might explain why loss-of-function msh pilus mutations may be less likely to evolve among host-associated bacteria.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Msh Pilus Mutations Increase the Ability of a Free-Living Bacterium to Colonize a Piscine Host

Lebov

Bohannan

2021

Genes

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Symbioses between animals and bacteria are ubiquitous. To better understand these relationships, it is essential to unravel how bacteria evolve to colonize hosts. Previously, we serially passaged the free-living bacterium, Shewanella oneidensis, through the digestive tracts of germ-free larval zebrafish (Danio rerio) to uncover the evolutionary changes involved in the initiation of a novel symbiosis with a vertebrate host. After 20 passages, we discovered an adaptive missense mutation in the mshL gene of the msh pilus operon, which improved host colonization, increased swimming motility, and reduced surface adhesion. In the present study, we determined that this mutation was a loss-of-function mutation and found that it improved zebrafish colonization by augmenting S. oneidensis representation in the water column outside larvae through a reduced association with environmental surfaces. Additionally, we found that strains containing the mshL mutation were able to immigrate into host digestive tracts at higher rates per capita. However, mutant and evolved strains exhibited no evidence of a competitive advantage after colonizing hosts. Our results demonstrate that bacterial behaviors outside the host can play a dominant role in facilitating the onset of novel host associations.

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“…In its present form the model can be employed as an element of more complex models to study the interaction of complex fluids with soft substrates. For instance, it may be combined with thin-film models of active media [53,89] or biofilms [88] to investigate the motion of active drops on soft substrates [52] and the growth of biofilms and cell aggregates on such substrates [15,22].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gradient-dynamics model for liquid drops on elastic substrates

Henkel¹,

Snoeijer²,

Thiele³

2021

Preprint

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The wetting of soft elastic substrates exhibits many features that have no counterpart on rigid surfaces. Modelling the detailed elastocapillary interactions is challenging, and has so far been limited to single contact lines or single drops. Here we propose a reduced long-wave model that captures the main qualitative features of statics and dynamics of soft wetting, but which can be applied to ensembles of droplets. The model has the form of a gradient dynamics on an underlying free energy that reflects capillarity, wettability and compressional elasticity. With the model we first recover the double transition in the equilibrium contact angles that occurs when increasing substrate softness from ideally rigid towards very soft (i.e., liquid). Second, the spreading of single drops of partially and completely wetting liquids is considered showing that known dependencies of the dynamic contact angle on contact line velocity are well reproduced. Finally, we go beyond the single droplet picture and consider the coarsening for a two-drop system as well as for a large ensemble of drops. It is shown that the dominant coarsening mode changes with substrate softness in a nontrivial way.

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Biofilms deform soft surfaces and disrupt epithelia

Cited by 48 publications

References 61 publications

Bacterial lectin BambL acts as a B cell superantigen

Bacterial lectin BambL acts as a B cell superantigen

Msh Pilus Mutations Increase the Ability of a Free-Living Bacterium to Colonize a Piscine Host

Gradient-dynamics model for liquid drops on elastic substrates

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