Abstract:Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) is a chronic and sometimes fatal condition which affects people all over the world. Nanotherapeutics have shown tremendous potential to combat chronic diseases—including DM2—as they enhance the overall impact of drugs on biological systems. Greenly synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from Catharanthus roseus methanolic extract (C. AgNPs) were examined primarily for their cytotoxic and antidiabetic effects. Methods: Characterization of C. AgNPs was performed by UV… Show more
“…Together, the biogenic AgNPs’ high negative charge revealed that these nanoparticles were negatively charged all over their surface in aqueous solutions, highlighting their high colloidal dispersivity and long-term stability. 43 The presence of bioactive compounds in H. sabdariffa flower extract, which was demonstrated by FTIR analysis, may be the cause of the noticed negative charge of the biogenic AgNPs, confirming their ability to repel each other, and highlighting their stability and uniform distribution condition in water. 44 Figure 10 Zeta potential analysis of the biogenic AgNPs.…”
Introduction
A considerable number of morbidities and fatalities occur worldwide as a result of the multidrug resistant microorganisms that cause a high prevalence of nosocomial bacterial infections. Hence, the current investigation was conducted to evaluate the antibacterial potency of green fabricated silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) against four different nosocomial pathogens.
Methods
The flower extract of
Hibiscus sabdariffa
mediated green fabrication of AgNPs and their physicochemical features were scrutinized using different techniques. Antimicrobial activity of the biogenic AgNPs and their synergistic patterns with fosfomycin antibiotic were evaluated using disk diffusion assay.
Results and Discussion
UV spectral analysis affirmed the successful formation of AgNPs through the detection of broad absorption band at 395 and 524 nm, indicating the surface plasmon resonance of the biofabricated AgNPs. In this setting, the biofabricated AgNPs demonstrated average particle size of 58.682 nm according to transmission electron microscope (TEM) micrographs. The detected hydrodynamic diameter was higher than that noticed by TEM analysis, recording 72.30 nm in diameter and this could be attributed to the action of capping agents, which was confirmed by Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) analysis. Disk diffusion assay indicated the antibacterial potency of biogenic AgNPs (50 μg/disk) against
Enterobacter cloacae
, Methicillin-resistant
Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae
and
Escherichia coli
strains with relative inhibition zone diameters of 12.82 ± 0.36 mm, 14.54 ± 0.15 mm, 18.35 ± 0.24 mm and 21.69 ± 0.12 mm, respectively. In addition,
E. coli
was found to be the most susceptible strain to the biogenic AgNPs. However, the highest synergistic pattern of AgNPs-fosfomycin combination was detected against
K. pneumonia
strain recording relative synergistic percentage of 64.22%. In conclusion, the detected synergistic efficiency of AgNPs and the antibiotic fosfomycin highlight the potential for utilizing this combination in the biofabrication of effective antibacterial agents against nosocomial pathogens.
“…Together, the biogenic AgNPs’ high negative charge revealed that these nanoparticles were negatively charged all over their surface in aqueous solutions, highlighting their high colloidal dispersivity and long-term stability. 43 The presence of bioactive compounds in H. sabdariffa flower extract, which was demonstrated by FTIR analysis, may be the cause of the noticed negative charge of the biogenic AgNPs, confirming their ability to repel each other, and highlighting their stability and uniform distribution condition in water. 44 Figure 10 Zeta potential analysis of the biogenic AgNPs.…”
Introduction
A considerable number of morbidities and fatalities occur worldwide as a result of the multidrug resistant microorganisms that cause a high prevalence of nosocomial bacterial infections. Hence, the current investigation was conducted to evaluate the antibacterial potency of green fabricated silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) against four different nosocomial pathogens.
Methods
The flower extract of
Hibiscus sabdariffa
mediated green fabrication of AgNPs and their physicochemical features were scrutinized using different techniques. Antimicrobial activity of the biogenic AgNPs and their synergistic patterns with fosfomycin antibiotic were evaluated using disk diffusion assay.
Results and Discussion
UV spectral analysis affirmed the successful formation of AgNPs through the detection of broad absorption band at 395 and 524 nm, indicating the surface plasmon resonance of the biofabricated AgNPs. In this setting, the biofabricated AgNPs demonstrated average particle size of 58.682 nm according to transmission electron microscope (TEM) micrographs. The detected hydrodynamic diameter was higher than that noticed by TEM analysis, recording 72.30 nm in diameter and this could be attributed to the action of capping agents, which was confirmed by Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) analysis. Disk diffusion assay indicated the antibacterial potency of biogenic AgNPs (50 μg/disk) against
Enterobacter cloacae
, Methicillin-resistant
Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae
and
Escherichia coli
strains with relative inhibition zone diameters of 12.82 ± 0.36 mm, 14.54 ± 0.15 mm, 18.35 ± 0.24 mm and 21.69 ± 0.12 mm, respectively. In addition,
E. coli
was found to be the most susceptible strain to the biogenic AgNPs. However, the highest synergistic pattern of AgNPs-fosfomycin combination was detected against
K. pneumonia
strain recording relative synergistic percentage of 64.22%. In conclusion, the detected synergistic efficiency of AgNPs and the antibiotic fosfomycin highlight the potential for utilizing this combination in the biofabrication of effective antibacterial agents against nosocomial pathogens.
“…The ZnO-NPs' inherent ability to disrupt the machinery that makes proteins and to cause tiny gaps in bacterial cell walls may be the cause of their bactericidal effect [53,55].…”
Nanotechnology offers promising opportunities in combating infectious agents, especially multidrug-resistant bacteria (MDR), which is a major concern in modern times. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) are effective in delivering therapeutic agents to living systems due to their biocompatibility and bioactivity, making them effective against infectious microbes and also allowing them to be
“…If the IC 50 is between 20 and 89 µ g/mL, the extract is classified as moderately cytotoxic. If the IC 50 is <20 µ g/mL, the extract is classified as cytotoxic [ 33 , 34 ].…”
Objective. This study was aimed at determining the antioxidant, anti-quorum sensing, and in vitro cytotoxic activities of five wild mushroom extracts. Methods. Wild mushrooms of Auricularia auricula-judae, Termitomyces umkowaani, Trametes elegans, Trametes versicolor, and Microporus xanthopus were collected from Arabuko-Sokoke and Kakamega National Forests, in Kenya. Specimens were identified and extracted using chloroform (CHL), 70% ethanol (Eth), and hot water (HW) solvents. Antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of the extracts were determined using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and Vero cell lines, respectively, while anti-quorum sensing activities were tested against Chromobacterium violaceum. All data were compared using relevant descriptive and inferential statistics at a significance level of
p
≤ 0.05. Results. A total of 35 wild mushrooms were collected, identified, and classified into 14 genera. Among screened mycochemicals, fatty acids, flavonoids, polyphenols, and saponins were detected at higher concentrations. The highest free radical scavenging activities of A. auricula-judae, T. umkowaani, T. elegans, and T. versicolor were observed in 70% Eth extract with the percentage values of 76.40 ± 0.12%, 68.40 ± 0.01%, 62.40 ± 0.07%, and 66.40 ± 0.04%, respectively, whereas the HW extract of Microporus xanthopus showed free radical scavenging activity at 65.90 ± 0.02%. None of the extracts, at the tested concentrations (up to 1000 µg/mL), had shown cytotoxic activity against the Vero cell line. The HW extract of T. umkowaani and the 70% Eth extract of T. versicolor showed a statistically significant difference in the inhibitory activity of violacein production against C. violaceum at the concentration of 200 µg/mL. Conclusions. The antioxidant activity of wild mushrooms can help to tackle the diseases caused by free radicals. The anti-quorum sensing potential of wild mushrooms could also provide future alternatives to conventional drug therapies cost-effectively. Further detailed chemistry of the bioactive compounds and their possible mechanisms of action responsible for the observed antioxidant and anti-quorum sensing activities are needed.
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