Bioinspired Aquatic Microrobot Capable of Walking on Water Surface Like a Water Strider

Zhang, Xinbin; Zhao, Jie; Zhu, Qing; Chen, Ning; Zhang, Mingwen; Pan, Qinmin

doi:10.1021/am200382g

Cited by 140 publications

(106 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Surfaces that are extremely repellent to (that is, not easily wet by) both high and low surface tension liquids have various military, commercial and specialty applications, including self-cleaning, 1 nonfouling, 2 stain-free clothing and spill-resistant protective wear, 3 drag reduction, 4 corrosion prevention, 5 locomotion of microrobots on aqueous and chemical environments 6,7 and separation of liquids. 8 The wettability of a surface against any liquid is typically characterized by two parameters-contact angle and contact angle hysteresis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The design and applications of superomniphobic surfaces

2014

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Surfaces that display contact angles 41501 along with low contact angle hysteresis with essentially all high and low surface tension liquids, including water, oils and alcohols, are known as superomniphobic surfaces. Such surfaces have a range of commercial applications, including self-cleaning, non-fouling, stain-free clothing, drag reduction, corrosion prevention and separation of liquids. Such surfaces have thus generated immense academic and industrial interest in recent years. In this review, we discuss the systematic design of superomniphobic surfaces. In particular, we discuss the significance of surface energy, roughness and the critical role of re-entrant texture in obtaining the so-called Cassie-Baxter state with low surface tension liquids. We also discuss how hierarchical scales of texture can yield high contact angles and decrease the contact angle hysteresis of superomniphobic surfaces by reducing the solid-liquid contact area. On the basis of this understanding, we discuss dimensionless design parameters that allow for the systematic design of superomniphobic surfaces. We also review the current literature on superomniphobic surfaces, paying particular attention to surfaces that demonstrate good mechanical, chemical and radiation durability-traits that are essential for any commercial application of superomniphobic surfaces. Finally, we conclude by identifying the unresolved challenges in the fabrication of durable superomniphobic surfaces and highlight the future needs in the field.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The design and applications of superomniphobic surfaces

2014

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“…Surfaces and materials that are extremely repellent to liquids are of great interest for numerous military, commercial and specialty applications, including self-cleaning, 1 nonfouling, 2 stain-free clothing and spill-resistant protective wear, 3 drag reduction, 4 locomotion of microrobots on aqueous and chemical environments 5,6 and icephobicity. 7 The primary measure of wetting of a liquid on a nontextured (or smooth) surface is the equilibrium contact angle θ.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Superoleophobic surfaces: design criteria and recent studies

Kota

Mabry²,

Tuteja

2013

Surface Innovations

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“…The robots, whose legs consist of spindly cylinders decorated with hydrophobic materials, are based on the fundamental principles of the water strider's ability to float and move on the water surface. 1,[5][6][7][8][9][10][11] It is of interest to consider how great a load these cylindrical legs can support on a water surface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vertical force acting on partly submerged spindly cylinders

et al. 2014

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When an object is placed on a water surface, the air-water interface deforms and a meniscus arises due to surface tension effects, which in turn produces a lift force or drag force on the partly submerged object. This study aims to investigate the underlying mechanism of the vertical force acting on spindly cylinders in contact with a water surface. A simplified 2-D model is presented, and the profile of the curved air-water interface and the vertical force are computed using a numerical method. A parametric study is performed to determine the effects of the cylinder center distance, inclined angle, static contact angle, and radius on the vertical force. Several key conclusions are derived from the study: (1) Although the lift force increases with the cylinder center distance, cylinders with smaller center distances can penetrate deeper below the water surface before sinking, thereby obtaining a larger maximum lift force; (2) An increase in the inclined angle reduces the lift force, which can enable the lower cylinders fall more deeply before sinking; (3) While the effect of static contact angle is limited for angles greater than 90°, hydrophobicity allows cylinders to obtain a larger lift force and load capacity on water; (4) The lift force increases rapidly with cylinder radius, but an increase in radius also increases the overall size and weight of cylinders and decreases the proportion of the surface tension force. These findings may prove helpful in the design of supporting legs of biologically-inspired miniature aquatic devices, such as water strider robots.

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Bioinspired Aquatic Microrobot Capable of Walking on Water Surface Like a Water Strider

Cited by 140 publications

References 30 publications

The design and applications of superomniphobic surfaces

The design and applications of superomniphobic surfaces

Superoleophobic surfaces: design criteria and recent studies

Vertical force acting on partly submerged spindly cylinders

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