Bioinspired Mechano‐Sensitive Macroporous Ceramic Sponge for Logical Drug and Cell Delivery

Abstract

On‐demand, ultrahigh precision delivery of molecules and cells assisted by scaffold is a pivotal theme in the field of controlled release, but it remains extremely challenging for ceramic‐based macroporous scaffolds that are prevalently used in regenerative medicine. Sea sponges (Phylum Porifera), whose bodies possess hierarchical pores or channels and organic/inorganic composite structures, can delicately control water intake/circulation and therefore achieve high precision mass transportation of food, oxygen, and wastes. Inspired by leuconoid sponge, in this study, the authors design and fabricate a biomimetic macroporous ceramic composite sponge (CCS) for high precision logic delivery of molecules and cells regulated by mechanical stimulus. The CCS reveals unique on‐demand AND logic release behaviors in response to dual‐gates of moisture and pressure (or strain) and, more importantly, 1 cm3 volume of CCS achieves unprecedentedly delivery precision of ≈100 ng per cycle for hydrophobic or hydrophilic molecules and ≈1400 cells per cycle for fibroblasts, respectively.

Polydopamine-modified poly(l-lactic acid) nanofiber scaffolds immobilized with an osteogenic growth peptide for bone tissue regeneration

“…2,3 In the past few decades, biomedical implants based on metals, polymers, ceramics and their composites or hybrids have been extensively studied and reported. [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] Based on the diverse physicochemical properties of different materials, various fabrication strategies have been developed involving 3D printing, eco-friendly supercritical uid technology, electrospinning, etc. [15][16][17][18] For instance, 3D printing has been widely utilized to fabricate polymer-based scaffolds with desired porous architectures in a precise way.…”

Recent Progress of Polysaccharide‐Based Hydrogel Interfaces for Wound Healing and Tissue Engineering

“…While the most on‐demand delivery systems are currently developed for the release of cargos by different release rates, active delivery systems with capability to release with ultrahigh precision in response to external stimuli are attracting increasing attention. For example, Xu et al fabricated a biomimetic microporous starch hydrogel‐ceramic composite for a high precision molecules and cells delivery regulated by mechanical stimuli . The hydrogel‐based composite showed a unique and logic release behavior in response to dual‐gates of moisture and pressure (or strain).…”

“…for both soft and hard tissue engineering. From the soft tissue engineering perspective, the hydrogel‐based 3D cultured tissue foams (CTF) for osteoblasts, fibroblasts, and vascular endothelial cells displayed good mechanical strength and maintained the cell viability and functions . The cell release behavior could be regulated via adjusting serum concentration (containing amylase), and the released cells intrinsically owned cell viability or functions, indicating the high promising of the CTF in controlled cell release and delivery.…”

Design and applications of protein delivery systems in nanomedicine and tissue engineering

“…The last kind of external stimulus presented here is still not very developed: mechanical stimulus. Even if not very used, it is easily applicable, notably in mechanically active tissue such as cardiac tissue or cartilage tissue where it is omnipresent [126,127]. As an example of reported systems, Xu et al designed a bioinspired ceramic composite sponge made of HAP and natural cornstarch and tested its delivery properties under strain using bromophenol blue, BSA and fibroblast [127].…”