Biointeractive antibacterial fibres using polyelectrolyte multilayer modification

Water-stable cellulose fiber foam with antimicrobial properties for bio based low-density materials

“…Other studies have shown a similar pattern when cellulose pulp is incubated with E. coli. One reason could be that the pulp serves as nutrient for the bacteria (Illergård et al 2012;Ottenhall et al 2017). The results of the leaching test confirm that CA leaching from the non-washed foams leading to a bacteria-reducing effect, but the excess CA is removed after washing.…”

“…However, many of them combine chitosan with other bactericides like silver ions or silver nanoparticles to get a leaching antibacterial effect (Guibal et al 2013;Ma et al 2008;Vimala et al 2010), which makes it difficult to compare the results with the cellulose foams, especially since the testing procedure varies. The studies using PVAm in LbL modified antibacterial cellulose have shown a bacterial reduction greater than 99.9% when using pulp modified with PVAm and polyacrylic acid in similar reduction tests (Illergård et al 2012(Illergård et al , 2015. However, the materials are produced in completely different manner compared to the cellulose foams and it is not possible to compare the antibacterial effect of PVAm as the foam forming process involve other components like CA and SDS.…”

“…An alternative for antimicrobial materials is to rely on a contact-active approach, where the microorganisms are inactivated upon contact with the material (Illergård et al 2012). It is known that several cationic polymers have antibacterial properties and this is often attributed to the strong interactions between the positively charged groups on the polymer and the negative charges on the bacterial cell wall ).…”

Contact-active antibacterial aerogels from cellulose nanofibrils

“…The advantages of LbL modification include mild process parameters and the absence of organic solvents, the modification typically being performed in water at room temperature [22]. It was earlier found that multilayers of polyvinylamine (PVAm) combined with polyacrylic acid (PAA) can exhibit antibacterial properties when deposited on both regenerated cellulose [28,29] and pulp fibers [30]; moreover, by using pulp fibers, this system was capable of removing >99.9% of bacteria from a suspension [30].…”

Cellulose-based water purification using paper filters modified with polyelectrolyte multilayers to remove bacteria from water through electrostatic interactions

“…[38][39][40] Cellulose fibres treated with multilayers of cationic polyvinyl amine (PVAm) and anionic polyacrylic acid (PAA) have previously been shown to adsorb more than 99.9% of E. coli in a fibre suspension without leaching any biocides. [41][42][43] The effect was, however, notably reduced when turbid water samples were used, due to a decreased contact between the LbL-modified fibres and the bacteria, and a filtration approach is therefore desired.…”