Biological Activities and Phytochemical Profiles of Extracts from Different Parts of Bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens)

As olive oil production increases, so does the amount of olive oil by-products, which can cause environmental problems. Thus, new ways to utilize the by-products are needed. In the present study, five bioactive characteristics of olive oil by-products were assessed, namely their antioxidant, anti-bacterial, anti-melanogenesis, anti-allergic, and collagen-production-promoting activities. First, the extracts of leaves (May and October), stems (May and October), flowers, olive milled waste, fruit pulp and seeds were prepared using two safe solvents, ethanol and water. According to HPLC and LC/MS analysis and Folin-Ciocalteu assay, the ethanol extracts of the leaves (May and October), stems (May and October) and flowers contained oleuropein, and the ethanol extract of the stems showed the highest total phenol content. Oleuropein may contribute to the antioxidant and anti-melanogenesis activities of the leaves, stems, and flowers. However, other active compounds or synergistic effects present in the ethanol extracts are also likely to contribute to the anti-bacterial activity of the leaves and flowers, the anti-melanogenesis activity of some parts, the anti-allergic activity of olive milled waste, and the collagen-production-promoting activity of the leaves, stems, olive milled waste and fruit pulp. This study provides evidence that the by-products of olive oil have the potential to be further developed and used in the skin care industry.

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“…SOSA was performed as described previously (Tanaka et al, ). Kit‐WST (Dojindo, JAPAN, S311) was used in this assay.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These three TEAC values were determined using the following mathematical expression: TEAC = [IC 50 of Trolox] / [IC 50 of sample]. SOSA was performed as described previously (Tanaka et al, 2014). Kit-WST (Dojindo, JAPAN, S311) was used in this assay.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple Biological Effects of Olive Oil By‐products such as Leaves, Stems, Flowers, Olive Milled Waste, Fruit Pulp, and Seeds of the Olive Plant on Skin

Kishikawa

Ashour

Zhu

et al. 2015

Phytotherapy Research

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“…It belongs to the family Poacaea (grass), sub-family Bambusoideae, and tribe Bambuseae. Phyllostachys pubescens is the major species of bamboo in Japan and is widely distributed through the country [10]. Bamboo might be made up of rich phytochemicals, which should be investigated and exploited [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibitory Effects of Bamboo Leaf on the Growth of Pyricularia grisea Fungus

Toan

Xuan

et al. 2018

Agriculture

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Abstract:In this study, the effects of bamboo leaf were examined on mycelial growth of Pyricularia grisea, a fungus of rice blast disease that causes a great loss in rice production. The hexane extract exhibited maximal reduction on growth of P. grisea (IC 50 = 0.62 mg/mL), followed by aqueous and ethyl acetate extracts, while the methanol extract was least effective (IC 50 = 9.71 mg/mL). At 0.5-1.0 mg/mL doses, all extracting solvents showed inhibition on the growth of P. grisea, but at a 0.1 mg/mL concentration, the antifungal activity was solely observed on hexane and ethyl acetate extracts. By GC-MS (gas chromatography-mass spectrometry), 25 constituents were identified, principally belonging to long-chain fatty acids, sterols, phenols, phenolic acids, volatile oils, and derivatives of terpenes. It was suggested that compounds originated from hexane and ethyl acetate extracts such as fatty acids, oils, and phenols, and their derivatives were responsible for the antifungal activity of bamboo leaf. Non-polar constituents were accountable for the antifungal activity, although water-soluble compounds may play a role. Bamboo leaf appears to be a potent natural source to manage the infestation of P. grisea in rice cultivation.

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“…The shoot grows vertically to form a culm in the shape of a hollow cylinder with several dividers called diaphragms from inside the culm and nodes from the outside. The culms between two nodes are called internodes (Nogata and Takahashi 1995;Londoño et al 2002;Tanaka et al 2014). The length of internodes and some other physical characteristics, such as wall thickness, culm diameter, and moisture contents, are varied through the length of culms and among species.…”

Section: Bamboo Treementioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on the Tensile Properties of Bamboo Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites

Shah

Sultan

Jawaid

et al. 2016

BioRes

100

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a This paper reviews the tensile properties of bamboo fiber reinforced polymer composites (BFRP). Environmentally friendly bamboo fibers have good mechanical properties, which make them suitable replacements for conventional fibers, such as glass and carbon, in composite materials. Better fiber and matrix interaction results in good interfacial adhesion between fiber/matrix and fewer voids in the composite. Several important factors improve matrix-fiber bonding and enhance the tensile properties of BFRP. Coupling agents, such as maleic anhydride polypropylene (MAPP), improve the adhesion of bamboo fibers in the polypropylene (PP) matrix. A high percentage of lignin content in bamboo fibers limits fiber separation, which leads to less matrix absorption between fibers. Steam explosion is the best extraction method for bamboo fibers, although an additional mechanically rubbing process is required for fiber separation. Generally, high fiber content results in good composite performance, but at a certain limit, the matrix does not adhere well with a saturated amount of fibers, and the composite tensile strength decreases. However, the tensile modulus of BFRP is not affected by excess fiber content. Hybridization of bamboo with conventional fibers increases the tensile strength of BFRP. The addition of micro/nano-sized bamboo fibrils into the carbon fabric composites slightly enhances composite strength.

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Biological Activities and Phytochemical Profiles of Extracts from Different Parts of Bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens)

Cited by 59 publications

References 35 publications

Multiple Biological Effects of Olive Oil By‐products such as Leaves, Stems, Flowers, Olive Milled Waste, Fruit Pulp, and Seeds of the Olive Plant on Skin

Multiple Biological Effects of Olive Oil By‐products such as Leaves, Stems, Flowers, Olive Milled Waste, Fruit Pulp, and Seeds of the Olive Plant on Skin

Inhibitory Effects of Bamboo Leaf on the Growth of Pyricularia grisea Fungus

A Review on the Tensile Properties of Bamboo Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites

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