Biological and chemical removal of Cr(VI) from waste water: Cost and benefit analysis

Demir, Aynur; Arısoy, Münevver

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2006.12.076

Cited by 53 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The three formulas used in this study of CBA are Net Present Value (NPV), Benefit-Cost Ratio (BCR), and amortization time estimation formula, widely implemented for waste-related projects (Mishan 1972;Demir and Arisoy 2007;Bhatia 1977;Ali et al 2012;Soeylemez 2000) to determine the economic feasibility of the project.…”

Section: Methods For Economic Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Financial sustainability of modern composting: the economically optimal scale for municipal waste composting plant in developing Asia

Pandyaswargo

Premakumara

2014

Int J Recycl Org Waste Agricult

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There is a widespread interest in converting organic waste into compost fertilizer to extend the life of landfills, create economic and environmental benefits, and ultimately reduce the pressure on local governments in managing the ever-increasing complexity of municipal solid waste. However, composting is still seldom considered as a strategic element. There is also very little evidence available of its economic feasibility. This study, therefore, aims to analyze key factors that influence the economic feasibility of municipal composting plant and identify a range of plant capacity or scale where a composting project could have higher opportunity to be financially sustainable. A cost-benefit analysis (CBA) was carried out using the data gathered from five composting plants in Asia, including Surabaya, Bali and Bekasi in Indonesia, Beijing in China, and Matale in Sri Lanka. The results identified that the medium-scale and lower largescale composting plants have an optimal opportunity for being financially feasible as compared with the smaller and larger capacity plants. The study also identified that the economic viability of the composting plants depends on the number of factors, such as selection of suitable processing methods, technologies, scale, quality of product and marketing strategies. The advantages of the medium and lower large-scale composting plants are (1) waste input and product quality are easier to control than larger scale compost plants, and (2) there are extra income opportunities such as tipping fees and carbon credits that are limited in the case of small-scale composting plants. The scale of composting plant is one of the key factors to be considered at the initial stage of planning composting plants.

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Section: Methods For Economic Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Financial sustainability of modern composting: the economically optimal scale for municipal waste composting plant in developing Asia

Pandyaswargo

Premakumara

2014

Int J Recycl Org Waste Agricult

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“…It has two oxidation states, trivalent (Cr III) and hexavalent (Cr VI). Chromium (III) is naturally occurring in the environment, is needed in the body as an essential nutrient and its toxicity is considered to be very low (Demir & Arisoy, 2007). Chromium (VI) does not normally occur in the environment, is recognized as being highly toxic, and classified as a Class I human carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) (Goldoni et al, 2006).…”

Section: Heavy Metal Contaminationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Case Study in the Use of 3-Dimensional Ground Water Modeling and Solute Transport Engines as a Tool in Site Assessment

Nolan

Watts²,

Proctor³

2014

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A case study was conducted on the application of modeling in site assessment. We determined the potential for migration of 3 heavy metals and several organic compounds from a site 300 yards north of a swimming area. The site has a history of environmental issues and incidents dating back to 1985. In 2010 the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency (MPCA) measure levels from 638 to 6847 mg kg -1 of ethyl benzene, toluene and xylenes (BTEX) compounds in manholes, tanks, and soil on the site. Previously, lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd) and chromium (Cr) concentrations in soil ranged from 210 to 18,000 μg kg -1. Using reactive transport models with MODFLOW, plumes were developed for metals and BTEX compounds based on data from sediment testing, geological features, and site data from MPCA. Our plume models predict that heavy metals would enter of the swimming lake through surface water runoff and a BTEX plume would enter the swimming lake and the Minnesota River through groundwater. Sediment samples from a drainage ditch adjacent to the site contained concentrations of Cd and Cr 10 times higher than a nearby reference site supporting our plume results. Sediment samples also indicated that Cd and Cr concentrations decreased down gradient, further supporting model predictions. BTEX compounds were not detected in sediment or water samples during the study. We find that incorporating three-dimensional groundwater modeling into a site assessment can provide a useful estimate of a plume's direction and concentration and aid in determining future sampling locations.

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“…Several methodologies such as chemical oxidation, electrocoagulation, electrodeposition, filtration, adsorption, chemical precipitation, solvent exchange, photo-degradation and membrane separation technologies have been explored long ago to mitigate recalcitrant heavy metals from adulterated wastewater (Verma et al 2013;Rasool et al 2013;Kumar et al 2014;Zewaila and Yousef 2015). But these conventional methods proved unproductive due to their technical or economical constraints (Demir and Arisoy 2007;Cibati et al 2013;Verma et al 2015). Biological mechanisms impart a leading edge to current physico-chemical methods to wipe out noxious heavy metals from polluted waste water as they are eco-friendly, cost effective and do not produce colossal quantities of sludge (Cirik et al 2013;Wang et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization study for Pb(II) and COD sequestration by consortium of sulphate-reducing bacteria

2016

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In this study, initial minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of Pb(II) ions was analysed to check optimum concentration of Pb(II) ions at which the growth of sulphate-reducing consortium (SRC) was found to be maximum. 80 ppm of Pb(II) ions was investigated as minimum inhibitory concentration for SRC. Influence of electron donors such as lactose, sucrose, glucose and sodium lactate was examined to investigate best carbon source for growth and activity of sulphate-reducing bacteria. Sodium lactate was found to be the prime carbon source for SRC. Later optimization of various parameters was executed using Box-Behnken design model of response surface methodology to explore the effectiveness of three independent operating variables, namely, pH (5.0-9.0), temperature (32-42°C) and time (5.0-9.0 days), on dependent variables, i.e. protein content, precipitation of Pb(II) ions, and removal of COD by SRC biomass. Maximum removal of COD and Pb(II) was observed to be 91 and 98 %, respectively, at pH 7.0 and temperature 37°C and incubation time 7 days. According to response surface analysis and analysis of variance, the experimental data were perfectly fitted to the quadratic model, and the interactive influence of pH, temperature and time on Pb(II) and COD removal was highly significant. A high regression coefficient between the variables and response (r 2 = 0.9974) corroborate eminent evaluation of experimental data by second-order polynomial regression model. SEM and Fourier transform infrared analysis was performed to investigate morphology of PbS precipitates, sorption mechanism and involved functional groups in metal-free and metal-loaded biomass of SRC for Pb(II) binding.

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Biological and chemical removal of Cr(VI) from waste water: Cost and benefit analysis

Cited by 53 publications

References 27 publications

Financial sustainability of modern composting: the economically optimal scale for municipal waste composting plant in developing Asia

Financial sustainability of modern composting: the economically optimal scale for municipal waste composting plant in developing Asia

A Case Study in the Use of 3-Dimensional Ground Water Modeling and Solute Transport Engines as a Tool in Site Assessment

Optimization study for Pb(II) and COD sequestration by consortium of sulphate-reducing bacteria

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