Biological and Mechanical Properties of Commercial Pmma Bone Cements Containing Aw-Gc Filler

Mechanical properties and osteoconductivity of new bioactive composites consisting of partially crystallized glass beads and poly(methyl methacrylate)

“…6 For AWC, the glass-ceramic plates were pulverized in an alumina-ball mill, resulting in AW-GC powders. 5,[8][9][10][11][12][13] The AW-GC powder was irregularly shaped, with an average particle size of 4.0 m and a specific surface area of 3.0 m 2 /g. 5,[8][9][10][11][12][13] Powder Figure 1.…”

“…1(b)]. Each of these three fillers was treated with ␥-methacryloxy propyl trimethoxy silane 5,11 (Nippon Unicar Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan), and the silanized fillers were subsequently dried at 110°C for 2 h. The quantity of each treated filler added to each composite was 70 wt %. As a polymerization initiator, benzoyl peroxide (Wako Pure Chemical Industry, Osaka, Japan) was added to each treated filler in a proportion of 1.0 wt % of each filler.…”

“…Promising new types of cement, which are composites consisting of a bioactive filler and a polymer, have been developed in an attempt to overcome these disadvantages. Previously, we reported a composite cement 5 designated AWC that was composed of apatite-and wollastonite-containing glass ceramic [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] (AW-GC) powder as a filler and PMMA polymer 5,[11][12][13][14] . AW-GC is a CaO-SiO 2 -based glass ceramic and is well-known as an artificial bone material that can bind chemically to bone tissue.…”

“…In the previous study, AWC cement was shown to have osteoconductivity in rat tibiae and higher mechanical strength than conventional PMMA bone cement. 5 However, the osteoconductivity of AWC was still considered insufficient, probably because of the relatively large proportion of the crystal phase and the smaller proportion of the noncrystal (glassy) phase in the AW-GC powder. 8,11,13 To achieve higher osteoconductivity, we thought that a new filler containing a larger proportion of the glassy phase was necessary.…”

“…Each composite was then packed into the intramedullary canals of rat tibiae, and the bone-composite interfaces were examined by light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). With the SEM photographs, the affinity indices 5,8,9,11,13,14,[18][19][20] were calculated to compare the osteoconductivities of the composites. Finally, serial changes in each composite with time were also examined.…”