Biological artificial fluid-induced non-lamellar phases in glyceryl monooleate: the kinetics pathway and its digestive process by bile salts

Abstract

All the results concluded that temperature, pH and ionic strength tendencies for the formation of non-lamellar structures greatly influenced the self-assembly process, thereby affecting the final mesophase structure. The results of this study are important to understand the lamellar to non-lamellar lipid-phase transitions and their possible pharmaceutical applications.

In-vitro Digestion Of Fat Crystal-Stabilized Water-In-Oil Emulsions

“…18,77 Phospholipids, in particular, are known to compete for the oil-water interface, which may have resulted in displacement of interfacial crystals or other surface-active species. 51,71,73,84 This phenomenon was particularly visible for the GMS and GMO-F emulsions as remnants of empty GMS shells were observed (Figure 19A The microstructure of the PGPR-F emulsion showed evidence of emulsion droplets even after 120 min of contact the Condition 3 -SIF (Figure 19F), though there was also extensive aggregation, suggesting that the fat crystal network was effective at protecting the dispersed phase from attack by the bile salts. It has been reported that bile salts interact with fats, emulsifying them and facilitating their breakdown into MAGs and free fatty acids via pancreatic lipase.…”

“…It has been reported that bile salts interact with fats, emulsifying them and facilitating their breakdown into MAGs and free fatty acids via pancreatic lipase. 73,77,[85][86][87] Hence, the release trends seen in Figure 18 may be explained by the slow breakdown of fat facilitated by the bile salts over time, especially for the fat-containing emulsions (GMO-F and PGPR-F). This was not the case with the PGPR-only emulsion, where after 60 and 120 minutes, complete emulsion breakdown had taken place (Figure 19G and H), a further testament to the stabilizing role of the fat crystal network.…”

“…There was a significant increase in MB release in all emulsions resulting from degradation of the interfacial film by the bile salts. 51,71,73,84 Bile extract contains glycodeoxycholic acid, taurodeoxycholic acid, deoxycholic acid, and phospholipids 77 , all of which interact with emulsions. 18,77 Phospholipids, in particular, are known to compete for the oil-water interface, which may have resulted in displacement of interfacial crystals or other surface-active species.…”

“…The overall release trends were as follows: i) in the presence of solid fat, whether at the interface (GMS) or in the continuous phase (PGPR-F), there was slower MB release initially. Following the destabilization of emulsion via bile salt competition 71,73,87 , a greater release of MB was observed;…”

Smart phase transformation system based on lyotropic liquid crystalline@hard capsules for sustained release of hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs

“…GMO was proved as excipients for oral administration in many countries (Nardin & K€ ollner, 2019). It could be cleaved by pancreatic lipase into oleic acid and glycerol, due to the ester bond in GMO (Zhou et al, 2014). Therefore, the biosafety of oral administration of SPTSs could be secured.…”