Biological effects of Cannabidiol on normal human healthy cell populations: Systematic review of the literature

Pagano, Stefano; Coniglio, Maddalena; Valenti, Chiara; Federici, Maria Isabella; Lombardo, Guido; Cianetti, Stefano; Marinucci, Lorella

doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110728

Cited by 48 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…In vitro studies have indicated that CBD directly reduces oxidative stress induced by UV radiation in keratinocytes, preventing ROS generation by reducing the activity of enzymes responsible for formation [20,41,57]. Moreover, it was found that CBD, in addition to directly lowering levels of oxidants, also affects the antioxidant capacity of skin cells [58]. This study shows that the in vivo antioxidant activity of CBD influences the regulation of antioxidant proteins down to the level of transcription because it activates the transcription factor Nrf2, which is sensitive to changes in redox conditions and which is responsible for the biosynthesis of antioxidant proteins [59], as observed in keratinocytes of rat skin irradiated with UVA/UVB and being treated with CBD [60].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidant and Anti‐inflammatory Effect of Cannabidiol Contributes to the Decreased Lipid Peroxidation of Keratinocytes of Rat Skin Exposed to UV Radiation

Jastrząb

Jarocka-Karpowicz

Markowska

et al. 2021

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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There is a great need for compounds with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties for protection against UV radiation, which is the most prooxidative physical factor that skin cells are exposed to everyday. Therefore, the aim of the study was to evaluate the mechanism of phytocannabinoid-cannabidiol (CBD) action in vivo on lipid metabolism in keratinocytes of rat skin exposed to UVA/UVB radiation. Our results show that CBD protects keratinocytes against the effects of UVA/UVB radiation by reducing lipid peroxidation products: 4-HNE and 8-isoPGF2α. In addition, CBD significantly increases the level of endocannabinoids, such as anandamide, 2-arachidonylglycerol, and palmitoylethanolamide, and the activation of their receptors CB1/2 or TRPV1. The above changes are due to the protective effect of CBD against the UVA/UVB-induced decrease in the level/activity of superoxide dismutase and the components of the thioredoxin and glutathione systems. CBD also increases the in vivo transcriptional activity of Nrf2 and the expression of its Bach1 inhibitor as well as preventing the UVA/UVB-induced increase in the expression of Nrf2 activators p21, p62, p38, and KAP1 and proinflammatory factors such as NFκB and TNFα. By counteracting oxidative stress and changes in lipid structure in keratinocytes, CBD prevents cellular metabolic disturbances, protecting the epidermis against UV damage.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidant and Anti‐inflammatory Effect of Cannabidiol Contributes to the Decreased Lipid Peroxidation of Keratinocytes of Rat Skin Exposed to UV Radiation

Jastrząb

Jarocka-Karpowicz

Markowska

et al. 2021

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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“…Cannabis is the most commonly used illegal drug in the world and its use is increasingly present in our society both for its recreational (natural cannabis and synthetic cannabinoids) and medical applications. In recent times medical cannabis shows an increasing use, with preparations with higher concentrations of cannabidiol, a natural cannabinoid that does not show reinforcing and abuse properties [7,30,31]. Cannabis use can produce short and long-term health consequences [7,32].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute Pharmacological Effects and Oral Fluid Biomarkers of the Synthetic Cannabinoid UR-144 and THC in Recreational Users

Maida

Papaseit

Martínez

et al. 2021

Biology

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Synthetic cannabinoids (SCs) are one of the most frequent classes of new psychoactive substances monitored by the EU Early Warning System and World Health Organization. UR-144 is a SC with a relative low affinity for the CB1 receptor with respect to that for the CB2 receptor. As with other cannabinoid receptor agonists, it has been monitored by the EU Early Warning System since 2012 for severe adverse effects on consumers. Since data for UR-144 human pharmacology are very limited, an observational study was carried out to evaluate its acute pharmacological effects following its administration using a cannabis joint as term of comparison. Disposition of UR-144 and delta-9-tetrahydrocannibinol (THC) was investigated in oral fluid. Sixteen volunteers smoked a joint prepared with tobacco and 1 or 1.5 mg dose of UR-144 (n = 8) or cannabis flowering tops containing 10 or 20 mg THC (n = 8). Physiological variables including systolic and diastolic blood pressure, heart rate and cutaneous temperature were measured. A set of Visual Analog Scales (VAS), the Addiction Research Centre Inventory (ARCI)-49-item short form version and the Evaluation of the Subjective Effects of Substances with Abuse Potential (VESSPA-SSE) were administered to evaluate subjective effects. Oral fluid was collected at baseline, 10, 20, 40 min and 1, 2, 3 and 4 h after smoking, for UR-144 or THC concentration monitoring. Results showed significant statistical increases in both systolic and diastolic blood pressure and heart rate after both UR-144 and cannabis smoking. Both substances produced an increase in VAS related to stimulant-like and high effects, but scores were significantly higher after cannabis administration. No hallucinogenic effects were observed. Maximal oral fluid UR-144 and THC concentrations appeared at 20 and 10 min after smoking, respectively. The presence of UR-144 in oral fluid constitutes a non-invasive biomarker of SC consumption. The results of this observational study provide valuable preliminary data of the pharmacological effects of UR-144, showing a similar profile of cardiovascular effects in comparison with THC but lower intensity of subjective effects. Our results have to be confirmed by research in a larger sample to extensively clarify pharmacological effects and the health risk profile of UR-144.

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“…Immuno 2021, 1, FOR PEER REVIEW 7 cal effects of CBD on normal human healthy cells also noted heterogeneous CBD concentration exposure (0.01-50 μM), with inhibition of cell viability observed in a dose-dependent manner above 2 μM [25].…”

Section: Nitric Oxide Production In Macrophagesmentioning

confidence: 92%

Immune Responses Are Differentially Regulated by Root, Stem, Leaf, and Flower Extracts of Female and Male CBD Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) Plants

Esposito

Overbaugh

Xiong

et al. 2021

Immuno

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Industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) has many applications, including the production of textiles, agricultural extracts, nutritional products, and botanicals enriched with cannabinoids and full-spectrum terpenes naturally present in the plant. In this study, the dynamics of distribution and accumulation of 10 main cannabinoids in hemp were quantified. Hemp bioactive compounds were evaluated for anti-inflammatory activity in lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. While all tissues of hemp showed moderate anti-inflammatory properties, female flowers demonstrated the highest activity. CBD showed the strongest anti-inflammatory activity with suppression of nitric oxide production at 2 μg/mL and the reduced expressions of the pro-inflammatory genes COX-2, IL-6, and TNF-α at as low as 2 ng/mL. The topical hemp inflorescences (1–50 μg/mL) and CBD alone (20–200 ng/mL) also improved mitochondrial respiration. These data contribute to the future development of agricultural and plant management techniques to produce hemp with specific metabolite profiles to selectively support immune health.

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Biological effects of Cannabidiol on normal human healthy cell populations: Systematic review of the literature

Cited by 48 publications

References 40 publications

Antioxidant and Anti‐inflammatory Effect of Cannabidiol Contributes to the Decreased Lipid Peroxidation of Keratinocytes of Rat Skin Exposed to UV Radiation

Antioxidant and Anti‐inflammatory Effect of Cannabidiol Contributes to the Decreased Lipid Peroxidation of Keratinocytes of Rat Skin Exposed to UV Radiation

Acute Pharmacological Effects and Oral Fluid Biomarkers of the Synthetic Cannabinoid UR-144 and THC in Recreational Users

Immune Responses Are Differentially Regulated by Root, Stem, Leaf, and Flower Extracts of Female and Male CBD Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) Plants

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