2017
DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbw180
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Biological Mechanisms Whereby Social Exclusion May Contribute to the Etiology of Psychosis: A Narrative Review

Abstract: The purpose of this review is to examine whether a contribution of social exclusion to the pathogenesis of psychosis is compatible with the dopamine hypothesis and/or the neurodevelopmental hypothesis. Humans experience social exclusion as defeating. An animal model for defeat is the resident-intruder paradigm. The defeated animal shows evidence of an increased sensitivity to amphetamine, increased dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens and prefrontal cortex, and increased firing of dopaminergic neurons in … Show more

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Cited by 40 publications
(35 citation statements)
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“…In fact, the effect of both factors on the risk of developing psychotic disorders may be explained (mediated) by environmental exposures at an individual level, such as substance use, social isolation, social defeat, social fragmentation, and discrimination 124 . Interestingly, many of these exposures appear to share a common factor of social stress and defeat 125,126 , and have beenmostly indirectly -associated with various neurobiological sequelae of potential relevance to psychotic disorders 127 , such as alterations in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis 128,129 , inflammation 130 , altered brain functioning 131,132 , reduced brain volumes 133 , and neurochemical dysfunctions 126,134,135 . However, studies to directly assess the correlations between these factors k -number of samples for each factor, ES -effect size, N -number of cases, PI -prediction interval, CI -confidence interval, SSE -small-study effect, ESBexcess significance bias, LS -largest study with significant effect, eOR -equivalent odds ratio, CE -class of evidence, IRR -incidence rate ratio, OR -odds ratio, k -number of samples for each factor, ES -effect size, N -number of cases, PI -prediction interval, CI -confidence interval, SSE -small-study effect, ESBexcess significance bias, LS -largest study with significant effect, eOR -equivalent odds ratio, CE -class of evidence, IRR -incidence rate ratio, OR -odds ratio, RR -relative risk, Ig -immunoglobulin, NA -not assessable, ns -not significant 133,136 .…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In fact, the effect of both factors on the risk of developing psychotic disorders may be explained (mediated) by environmental exposures at an individual level, such as substance use, social isolation, social defeat, social fragmentation, and discrimination 124 . Interestingly, many of these exposures appear to share a common factor of social stress and defeat 125,126 , and have beenmostly indirectly -associated with various neurobiological sequelae of potential relevance to psychotic disorders 127 , such as alterations in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis 128,129 , inflammation 130 , altered brain functioning 131,132 , reduced brain volumes 133 , and neurochemical dysfunctions 126,134,135 . However, studies to directly assess the correlations between these factors k -number of samples for each factor, ES -effect size, N -number of cases, PI -prediction interval, CI -confidence interval, SSE -small-study effect, ESBexcess significance bias, LS -largest study with significant effect, eOR -equivalent odds ratio, CE -class of evidence, IRR -incidence rate ratio, OR -odds ratio, k -number of samples for each factor, ES -effect size, N -number of cases, PI -prediction interval, CI -confidence interval, SSE -small-study effect, ESBexcess significance bias, LS -largest study with significant effect, eOR -equivalent odds ratio, CE -class of evidence, IRR -incidence rate ratio, OR -odds ratio, RR -relative risk, Ig -immunoglobulin, NA -not assessable, ns -not significant 133,136 .…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Adverse reactions associated with amphetamine use include anxiety, aggression, paranoia, hyperactivity, decreased appetite, tachycardia, increased respiration, mydriasis, increased blood pressure, tremors and arrhythmias. Observational studies confirm the relationship between amphetamine intake and the development of acute psychosis [9,10]. Early studies have shown that amphetamine can induce acute psychosis in previously healthy people.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 87%
“…Objawy niepożądane związane ze stosowaniem amfetaminy to lęk, agresja, paranoja, nadaktywność, spadek łaknienia, tachykardia, wzrost częstości oddychania, rozszerzenie źrenic, wzrost ciśnienia krwi, drżenia i zaburzenia rytmu serca. Badania obserwacyjne potwierdzają związek między przyjmowaniem amfetaminy a rozwojem ostrej psychozy [9,10]. Już wczesne badania wykazały, że amfetamina może indukować ostrą psychozę u dotychczas zdrowych osób.…”
Section: Dyskusjaunclassified
“…Surprisingly, despite the numerous advantages for health and wellbeing associated with high rank, very little is known regarding the factors that predispose individuals to attain dominance. Our study raises the possibility that differences in promptness to respond in decision-making situations and the associated neural underpinnings are at the core of rank establishment and might link social rank with physical and mental health ( Selten et al 2017 ).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 94%