Biological rhythm disturbances in mood disorders

Wirz‐Justice, Anna

doi:10.1097/01.yic.0000195660.37267.cf

Cited by 299 publications

(213 citation statements)

References 41 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

198

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

Section: The Circadian Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Non-photic environmental cues including exercise, food availability, temperature and stress can also directly and/or indirectly entrain the SCN. The activity of SCN neurons is also modulated by serotoninergic pathways and melatonin (Moore et al, 1978; Bosler and Beaudet, 1985; MeyerBernstein and Morin, 1996;Jacobs et al, 2002;Moore and Speh, 2004;Wirz-Justice, 2006).The SCN signal is translated into hormonal and autonomic signals for peripheral organs through its major outputs (i) the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus; and (ii) the pineal gland, where melatonin is synthesized according to the length of the photophase. Melatonin is the biochemical transducer of photoperiodic information to all cells in the body (including SCN neurons), and changes in duration and amplitude of nocturnal secretion serves to signal seasonal variations of day/night cycle length (for review see Simonneaux and Ribelayga, 2003).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Does the circadian system regulate lactation?

Plaut

Casey

2012

Animal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Environmental variables such as photoperiod, heat, stress, nutrition and other external factors have profound effects on quality and quantity of a dairy cow's milk. The way in which the environment interacts with genotype to impact milk production is unknown; however, evidence from our laboratory suggests that circadian clocks play a role. Daily and seasonal endocrine rhythms are coordinated in mammals by the master circadian clock in the hypothalamus. Peripheral clocks are distributed in every organ and coordinated by signals from the master clock. We and others have shown that there is a circadian clock in the mammary gland. Approximately 7% of the genes expressed during lactation had circadian patterns including core clock and metabolic genes. Amplitude changes occurred in the core mammary clock genes during the transition from pregnancy to lactation and were coordinated with changes in molecular clocks among multiple tissues. In vitro studies using a bovine mammary cell line showed that external stimulation synchronized mammary clocks, and expression of the core clock gene, BMAL1, was induced by lactogens. Female clock/ clock mutant mice, which have disrupted circadian rhythms, have impaired mammary development and their offspring failed to thrive suggesting that the dam's milk production was not adequate enough to nourish their young. We envision that, in mammals, during the transition from pregnancy to lactation the master clock is modified by environmental and physiological cues that it receives, including photoperiod length. In turn, the master clock coordinates changes in endocrine milieu that signals peripheral tissues. In dairy cows, it is clear that changes in photoperiod during the dry period and/or during lactation influences milk production. We believe that the photoperiod effect on milk production is mediated, in part by the 'setting' of the master clock with light, which modifies peripheral circadian clocks including the mammary core clock and subsequently impacts milk yield and may impact milk composition.Keywords: mammary, lactation, circadian rhythm, photoperiod, metabolism ImplicationsThe circadian system coordinates internal physiological processes in mammals and synchronizes these processes to the animal's environment. We review the literature and discuss recent findings from our laboratory and others that suggest the circadian system regulates lactation, including coordinating changes in the dam's physiology needed to initiate and maintain lactation and mediating the photoperiod effect on milk production. Identification of environmental and physiological inputs that affect genes that control circadian rhythms will enable development of approaches to alter gene expression to maximize production efficiency in farm animals. IntroductionNearly all physiological and behavioral functions of animals are rhythmic including secretion patterns of hormones, sleep-wake cycle, metabolism and core body temperature.A circadian rhythm is a roughly 24-h cycle in the biochemical, physiological or behaviora...

show abstract

Section: The Circadian Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Does the circadian system regulate lactation?

Plaut

Casey

2012

Animal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Surprisingly, though, mood is also determined by circadian and homeostatic factors [62,63]. Several hypotheses have been proposed to explain the mechanisms that underlie the relationship of sleep, sleep disorders and depression.…”

Section: Sleepiness Mood and Chronobiology: Bridging The Gapmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Serotonin plays an important part in sleep regulation, and prefrontal cortical serotonin has been linked to mood. All these inter-relationships have been conceptualized in a dual model whereby circadian rhythms and serotonin [76] together are involved in a system vulnerable to depression through genetic, hormonal and light exposure factors [9,11,37,62,77].…”

Section: Further Hypotheses: Sleepiness Neurotransmitters and Hyperamentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronobiology, excessive daytime sleepiness and depression: Is there a link?

2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The complaint of excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), commonly encountered in clinical practice, may arise from a variety of psychiatric disorders, most importantly depression. Even though EDS frequently leads depressed patients to seek medical assistance, it is commonly under-evaluated and under-diagnosed. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding and management of EDS is essential in the clinical assessment of depression. Within a theoretical framework, a chronobiological approach may shed new light on the complex interaction of EDS and depression. In this review, studies on EDS and depression are summarized and discussed within the context of circadian and sleep regulatory mechanisms. Furthermore, potential chronobiological therapeutic strategies are proposed to address some of the unmet needs in the treatment of EDS and depression.

show abstract

“…The growing field of chronotherapeutics is likely to offer numerous nonpharmaceutical treatments to normalize disruptions in affective rhythms, such as light therapy and manipulations of the sleep-wake cycle (e.g. sleep deprivation) which may assist in normalizing the cortisol cycle (Wirz-Justice, 2006;Monteleone & Maj, 2009).…”

Section: Cortisol Affect Patterns and Distressmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of awakening cortisol and psychological distress in diurnal variations in affect: A day reconstruction study.

Daly

Delaney

Doran

et al. 2011

Emotion

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

People often feel unhappy in the morning but better later in the day, and this pattern may be amplified in the distressed. Past work suggests that one function of cortisol is to energize people in the mornings. In a study of 174 students we tested to see if daily affect patterns, psychological distress, and awakening cortisol levels were interlinked. Affect levels were assessed using the Day Reconstruction Method (Kahneman, Krueger, Schkade, Schwarz, & Stone, 2004) and psychological distress was measured using the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (Antony, Bieling, Cox, Enns, & Swinson, 1998). On average positive affect increased markedly in a linear pattern across the day whilst negative affect decreased linearly. For the highly distressed this pattern was stronger for positive affect. Lower than average morning cortisol, as assessed by two saliva samples at waking and two samples 30 minutes after waking, predicted a clear increasing pattern of positive affect throughout the day. When we examined the interlinkages between affect patterns, distress, and cortisol our results showed that a pronounced linear increase in positive affect from morning through to evening occurred chiefly among distressed people with below average cortisol levels upon awakening. Psychological distress, whilst not strongly associated with morning cortisol levels, does appear to interact with cortisol levels to profoundly influence affect.

show abstract

Biological rhythm disturbances in mood disorders

Cited by 299 publications

References 41 publications

Does the circadian system regulate lactation?

Does the circadian system regulate lactation?

Chronobiology, excessive daytime sleepiness and depression: Is there a link?

The role of awakening cortisol and psychological distress in diurnal variations in affect: A day reconstruction study.

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About