Biological Soil Disinfestation (BSD) of Soilborne Pathogens and Its Possible Mechanisms

Abstract

Biological soil disinfestation (BSD) is one of the methods for soil disinfestation recently developed and consists of organic amendment, irrigation, and covering the soil surface with plastic film. BSD trials with artificially infested soils effectively killed Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici and Ralstonia solanacearum. F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici was not detected 9 days after treatment. Application of BSD to R. solanacearum-infested soil decreased disease severity 4 weeks after transplantation. Reduction in soil pH and Eh was observed in the BSD-treated soil. HPLC analysis revealed the accumulation of acetic acid and butyric acid in the soil and the disinfestation effect of BSD was almost reproduced by mixing these organic acids with the infested soil. Volatile compound(s) evolved in the BSD-treated soil was also suggested to contribute to disinfestation. PCR-DGGE (PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis) analysis revealed the increase in the abundance of several bacteria in the BSD-treated soil, and two of them had 100% similarity with potential organic acid producers, Clostridium sp. and Enterobacter sp.

Suppression of spinach wilt disease by biological soil disinfestation incorporated with Brassica juncea plants in association with changes in soil bacterial communities

“…Biological soil disinfestation (BSD) is a method for controlling soil-borne pests and diseases through anaerobic decomposition of plant biomass that was mainly developed in the Netherlands (Blok et al, 2000;Messiha et al, 2007) and Japan (Shinmura, 2004;Momma, 2008). Recently, BSD has become popular in the world, especially in organic agriculture as an alternative of chemical fumigation.…”

Development of anaerobic bacterial community consisted of diverse clostridial species during biological soil disinfestation amended with plant biomass

“…Among the methods of soil disinfestation, biological soil disinfestation (BSD) has been recently developed, which involves application of easily decomposable organic materials to the soil and allowing them to be decomposed under wet and anaerobic circumstances (Goud et al 2004;Momma 2008). The treatment includes the following four steps: (1) incorporating biomass materials into field soil, (2) flooding the soil by irrigation, (3) covering the soil surface with a plastic film for about 15-18 d to establish reducing soil conditions and decomposing the biomass, and then (4) plowing the field and planting crops (Shinmura 2000(Shinmura , 2004.…”

TIF film, substrates and nonfumigant soil disinfestation maintain fruit yields

“…Anaerobic soil disinfestation (ASD), a nonchemical alternative to methyl bromide, was developed in Japan (Momma 2008) and the Netherlands (Blok et al 2000) to control soilborne pathogens and nematodes in strawberries and vegetables. Anaerobic soil disinfestation integrates the principles of solarization and flooding in situations where neither method alone is effective or feasible.…”