Biologically Excretable Aggregation‐Induced Emission Dots for Visualizing Through the Marmosets Intravitally: Horizons in Future Clinical Nanomedicine

Abstract

or completely in the state of aggregation, impeding the progress of some specific applications. [2] In 2001, the uncommon luminogen system noted as aggregationinduced emission (AIE) [3] broke down the captivity of Förster's discovery named aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ), which brought a new wonderland for organic fluorophores. The intrinsic tendency to form aggregates in concentrated solutions or the solid state actively promotes the emission intensity of the fluorophores with AIE characteristics. Years of unremitting exploration has accumulated design experience of diverse AIEgens [4] and shaped plentiful innovated applications for stimuli sensing, [5] optoelectronic systems, [6] molecular detection, [7] bio-imaging, [8,9] and so on. Taking advantages of AIE dots with high resistance to photobleaching and excellent reliability, multifarious specific bio-sensing modes, including bio-imaging, launched on a grand. [8,10] The development of the AIE universe provides potential diagnostic and therapeutic means in clinic. Nowadays, efforts of AIEgens for fluorescence imaging in mice have already been

Novel Multifunctional NIR-II Aggregation-Induced Emission Nanoparticles Assisted Intraoperative Identification and Elimination of Residual Tumor

“…[37][38][39] The biocompatibility of AIE probes has been verified in Marmosets. [40] Additionally, our preliminary data suggest A1 NPs is safe at both cell and live animal level. The nanoprobe developed has the potential to be translated in clinic to improve surgical results.…”

Fluorescence visualization of deep-buried hollow organs

“…Highly bright fluorophores are generally designed as twisted structures full of molecular rotors to suppress the undesirable intermolecular π-π interactions in the aggregated state [27][28][29][30] . On the basis of this principle, a series of highly bright NIR-II molecules with absorption and emission peaks around 700 and 1000 nm, respectively, have been successfully achieved [31][32][33] . However, NIR-II dyes with longer spectral responses and brighter emission are still challenging to obtain owing to the decrease of emission efficiency with an increase of wavelength.…”

Shielding Unit Engineering of NIR-II Molecular Fluorophores for Improved Fluorescence Performance and Renal Excretion Ability

“…Recently, indocyanine green (ICG) was utilized for the first in-human NIR-II imaging guided liver-tumor surgery ( Hu et al, 2020 ). However, great challenges need to be addressed for clinical administration of most reported NIR-II molecular fluorophores due to their unfavorable metabolic pathway with apparently accumulation in functional tissues and organs ( Yang et al, 2017 ; Tian et al, 2019 ; Feng et al, 2021 ). Molecular fluorophores with rapid clearance from body but low retention in tissues and organs are preferred for preclinical studies and clinical translation ( Li et al, 2020 ).…”