Biology and Fertility Life Table of the Green AphidChaetosiphon Fragaefollion Strawberry Cultivars

Abstract

Our objective was to study the biology and develop a fertility life table for the aphid Chaetosiphon fragaefolli (Cockerell) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on leaves of strawberry, Fragaria × ananassa, Duchesne ex Rozier (Rosales: Rosaceae), of the cultivars Albion, Aromas, Camarosa, Camino Real, Diamante, Earlibrite, and Saborosa. This study was conducted under controlled conditions: 25 ± 1 °C, 70 ± 10% RH, and 12:12 L:D . Arenas were set up consisting of leaves inside Petri dishes containing 3% agar. Female aphids obtained after the last nymphal ecdysis were individually placed in arenas for 24 hours. The following biological parameters were evaluated: duration and survival of the nymph stage and of the life cycle (nymph-nymph), daily and total fecundity, and adult longevity. The aphids completed their biological cycle on all of the cultivars. The shortest durations (in days) of the nymphal stage were on the cultivars Camino Real and Camarosa (8.67 and 8.74 days, respectively), and the longest was on Aromas (11.12 days). The lowest survival was on cultivar Aromas (51%) and the highest on Saborosa (96%). When the time to development to the adult stage was compared, the aphids developed fastest (14.63 days) and survival was highest (96%) on cultivar Saborosa. Aphids reared on cultivar Aromas leaves had the longest pre—reproductive period (8.74 days), the greatest longevity (26.88 days), and the longest duration of the life cycle (19.76 days). Based on the fertility life table, cultivars Camarosa and Saborosa were the most favorable for development of C. fragaefolli, while Albion and Aromas were the most inadequate for aphid development.

Biological parameters and fertility life table of Aphis forbesi Weed, 1889 (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on strawberry

“…forbesi completed the nymphal stage in shorter time than observed by Bernardi et al (2012) which reported that the duration of the nymphal phase of C. fragaefolli ranged from 8.67 to 11.12 days when seven different strawberry cultivars were analysed in similar conditions of this experiment. In cultivar Albion, it was observed a nymphal stage of 9.74 days to C. fragaefolli.…”

“…These results are different from the results of Dixon (1987) and Minks and Harrewijn (1987), who reported that aphids generally undergo four nymphal instars, although part of the population will only undergo three (Kairo and Murphy, 1999). Bernardi et al (2012) observed four nymphal instars for C. fragaefolii on strawberry, however, Chagas Filho et al (2005) and Cédola and Greco (2010) reported the existence of a fifth instar. That is, although the most common is four instars for most aphids, it is found that variations can occur in quantities of the instars.…”

“…But, the aphid C. fragaefolli usually occurs on new shoots, in the crown, and close to the veins on the undersides of leaflets (Bernardi et al, 2012;Rondon and Cantliffe, 2015). Both are species associated with strawberry crops and could damage them (Bernardi et al, 2012).…”

“…The mean pre-reproductive period of the A. forbesi was shorter than the pre-reproductive period of the C. fragaefolli that fed on cultivar Albion, which was 7.43 days (Bernardi et al, 2012). The reproductive period and, consequently, the production of offspring, is an indication of acceptance of the plant as an ideal host for insect development (Minks and Harrewijn, 1987).…”

Biologia e tabela de vida de fertilidade do pulgão-preto em cultivares de videira

“…Moraiti et al (2012) encontraram tempos necessários para a população duplicar que foram inferiores aos encontrados no presente trabalho, com variação de 1,39 a 1,50 dias nas cultivares de V. vinifera. A morfologia foliar afeta a sobrevivência e o desempenho de pulgões em diferentes culturas (Zarpas et al, 2006;Buchman & Cuddington, 2009) e entre cultivares de uma determinada espécie (Razmjou et al, 2006;Silva et al, 2006;Zarpas et al, 2006;Bayhan, 2009;Obopile & Ositile, 2010;Bernardi et al, 2012). A face inferior de folhas de V. vinifera 'Savvatiano' e 'Mavrodafni' são mais pilosas, em comparação às folhas glabras de 'Soultanina' e de 'Merlot', que apresentam superfície rugosa e com maior resistência (Moraiti et al, 2012).…”