Biology, Epidemiology and Management of Rhizoctonia solani on Potato

Tsror, Leah

doi:10.1111/j.1439-0434.2010.01671.x

Cited by 150 publications

(120 citation statements)

References 92 publications

(231 reference statements)

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“…As noted by Tsror (2010), effective management of R. solani requires the implementation of an integrated disease management approach, and within this approach, cultural practices that decrease inoculum density in the soil are the most important measures. In the first experiment (winter), a lower incidence of symptoms caused by R. solani was observed in the lower N rate in ASP system ( Figure 2A).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…And damping-off control requires the implementation of an integrated disease management approach combining both preventive and curative tactics and strategies (Lamichhane et al, 2017;Tsror, 2010). Although ICLS promote changes in the environment, little is known about the influence of different arrangements of these production systems in the occurrence of plant disease, particularly when the forestry component is added.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Agrosilvopastoral system enhances suppressiveness to soybean damping-off caused by Rhizoctonia solani and alters Fusarium and Trichoderma population density

et al. 2018

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ABSTRACT. Integrated crop-livestock systems (ICLS) are sustainable options for agricultural diversification, but there have been few studies on the influence of ICLS on soil microorganisms. This work investigated the influence of agropastoral (AP) and agrosilvopastoral (ASP) systems, compared with a non-integrated crop (CO) on the suppression of Rhizoctonia solani and on the density of Fusarium and Trichoderma propagules. In the first assay, soil samples were inoculated with R. solani and evaluated for soybean damping-off. After this, the soil was sterilized and re-inoculated with the pathogen for a new evaluation. Finally, 10% of the soil in the pots were substituted by newly soil samples collected from the same plots in the field to evaluate de suppressiveness transference by soil samples. In the second assay, native Fusarium and Trichoderma propagules were quantified in semi-selective media. Damping-off incidence in ASP was 70% compared to AP and CO. Evaluations with sterilized and transferred soil samples attributed this suppression to biotic factors. Fusarium propagules were retrieved in the ASP soil at 70% and 60% the amounts in AP and CO soils, respectively. Trichoderma propagules were retrieved in the ASP soil at 150% compared to AP, but similar to CO. The agrosilvopastoral system in the Brazilian subtropics has the potential to reduce pathogens and enhance beneficial microorganisms in the soil.Keywords: agricultural diversification, integrated crop-livestock system, soil health.Sistema agrosilvipastoril aumenta supressividade ao tombamento da soja causado por Rhizoctonia solani e altera a densidade de populações de Fusarium e Trichoderma RESUMO. Sistemas integrados de produção agropecuária (SIPA) são opções sustentáveis para diversificação agrícola, mas existem poucos estudos sobre a influência de SIPA nos microrganismos do solo. Este trabalho investigou a influência de sistemas agropastoril (AP) e agrosilvipastoril (ASP), comparados com lavoura não integrada (CO) na supressão de Rhizoctonia solani e na densidade de propágulos de Fusarium e Trichoderma. No primeiro ensaio, amostras de solo foram inoculadas com R. solani e avaliadas para tombamento da soja. Em seguida, o solo foi esterilizado e reinoculado com o patógeno para uma nova avaliação. Finalmente, 10% do solo nos vasos foi substituído por novas amostras de solo coletadas das mesmas parcelas no campo, para avaliar a transferência da supressividade por amostras de solo. No segundo ensaio, propágulos nativos de Fusarium e Trichoderma foram quantificados em meios semi seletivos. A incidência de tombamento no ASP foi 70% comparada com AP e CO. Avaliações com solo esterilizado e transferido atribuem esta supressão a fatores bióticos. Propágulos de Fusarium foram recuperados no solo do ASP a 70% e 60% das quantidades nos solos do AP e CO, respectivamente. Propágulos de Trichoderma foram recuperados no solo do ASP 150% comparado com AP, mas semelhante ao CO. O sistema agrosilvipastoril no subtrópico brasileiro tem potencial para reduzir patógenos e aum...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agrosilvopastoral system enhances suppressiveness to soybean damping-off caused by Rhizoctonia solani and alters Fusarium and Trichoderma population density

et al. 2018

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“…In northern seed potato production conditions, haulm killing is applied to immature plants and harvest is delayed as long as over 3 weeks after the haulm killing, weather conditions permitting. Tuber crops are known to be exposed to infection by black scurf when the haulm is destroyed while the root system is still in operation and the time between haulm killing and harvest is prolonged (Tsror, 2010). Black scurf caused by R. solani (Kühn AG-3) leads to substantial economic losses (Lootsma & Scholte, 1996), and in seed potato production, it may be an obstacle to certification.…”

Section: Yield and Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Haulm Killing on Seed Potato Quality

Virtanen¹,

Seppänen²

2014

JAS

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In Northern Finland (65º40′N), haulm killing is used in seed potato production primarily to regulate tuber size. The most common haulm killing method is mechanical-chemical. We studied the effects of mechanical and mechanical-chemical haulm killing methods on seed potato quality, comparing to natural haulm senescence (control). The timing of haulm killing (when no more than 5% of the crop tubers were over 50 mm in size) and the time between destruction and harvest (21-26 days) were similar to practices followed in seed-potato production. Matilda was the cultivar used. In this study, haulm killing clearly increased plant disease pressure, as black scurf (Rhizoctonia solani) could be seen in tubers whose haulm had been destroyed. Black scurf was also observed in mechanical haulm killing. The yield from naturally senesced haulms had less black scurf than the other treatments. In addition, when haulm senescence occurred naturally, crop yield and starch content were highest compared to other treatments.

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“…In contrast, Bains & Bisht (1995) did not observe specific AGs associated with particular climatic regions, and demonstrated that AG-3, AG-4 and AG-5 occurred on infected potato plants grown in a single potato field. Alternative hosts for R. solani may also affect the distribution of the fungus, with solanaceous weeds acting as possible reservoirs for the pathogen (Tsror, 2010).…”

Section: Anastomosis Groups Of Rhizoctonia Solanimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…AGs have been further divided into subgroups, and subgroups into subsets, on the basis of culture morphology, pathogenicity, host range, nutritional requirements and/or biochemical and genetic properties (Stevens Johnk et al, 1993;Kuninaga et al, 1997Kuninaga et al, , 2000bNicoletti et al, 1999;Carling et al, 2002b). Binucleate Rhizoctonia isolates are associated with diseased potato plants, but cause minimal damage when tested on potatoes (Tsror, 2010).…”

Section: Anastomosis Groups Of Rhizoctonia Solanimentioning

confidence: 99%